生成式人工智能在教育应用中的国际观察:挑战、应对与镜鉴

International Observations on the Application of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education:Challenges,Countermeasures and Reflections

面对生成式人工智能技术引发的新一轮教育变革趋势,国际上一些国家与国际组织纷纷颁布与该技术相关的教育政策,研判教育领域面临的风险与挑战,制定和明确生成式人工智能在教育应用中的发展方向和目标指引。通过对相关政策文本内容进行分析,探究生成式人工智能引发的教育争议和伦理风险,以及生成式人工智能在教育应用中的创新方案与促进方法,包括更新教育理念、变革学校教育方式、提升师生能力素养和制定隐私保护的规范措施。基于国际经验,可为我国生成式人工智能在教育中的应用提供相关镜鉴,包括将“以人为本”作为生成式人工智能在教育应用中的核心理念,构建促进教师和学生智能素养的教育培训方案,推动制度化建设增进生成式人工智能在教育运用中的规范性。

Faced with the new round of educational reform triggered by generative artificial intelligence technology,some countries and international organizations have issued educational policies related to this technology,examined the risks and challenges faced by education,and formulated and clarified the development direction and goal guidance of generative artificial intelligence in educational application.By analyzing the content of relevant policy texts,this paper explores the educational controversies and ethical risks caused by generative artificial intelligence,as well as the innovative schemes and promotion methods of generative artificial intelligence in educational application,including updating educational concepts,reforming school education methods,improving the competence of teachers and students,and formulating normative measures for privacy protection.Based on international experience,it can provide relevant reference for the application of generative artificial intelligence in education in China,including taking"human-centeredness"as the core concept of generative artificial intelligence in education,constructing training programs to promote intelligent literacy of teachers and students,promoting the institutional construction to enhance the standardization of the application of generative artificial intelligence in education.