猕猴桃远缘杂交胚胎挽救技术初探

Study on Embryo Rescue of Distant Hybridization in Actinidia arguta

为创新猕猴桃种质,以软枣猕猴桃栽培品种‘猕枣2号’为母本,以美味猕猴桃‘磨山3号’为父本进行远缘杂交,对杂交后的未成熟胚进行胚胎挽救,分析不同胚龄和培养基对胚胎挽救效果的影响.结果显示:授粉35d的未成熟胚在⑨号培养基中可同时诱导出丛生芽和胚性愈伤组织,且二者诱导率均为最高,分别为10.00%和13.33%.丛生芽在添加0.5mg·L^(-1)IBA的1/2 MS培养基上生根效果最佳.通过杂种未成熟胚的胚胎抢救,成功获得远缘杂交后代,创制了猕猴桃新种质,为猕猴桃品种选育提供了基础.

To innovate kiwifruit germplasm,the distant hybridization was cayyied out using cultivar‘Mizao No.2’of A.arguta as female parent and‘Moshan No.3’of A.deliciosa as male parent.The embryo rescue was performed using hybrid immature embryos,and the effects of different embryo age and medium on embryo rescue were analyzed.The results indicated that the immature embryos after 35 days of pollination on⑨medium can induce multiple shoots and embryonic callus,and the induction rates of both were the highest,10%and 13.33%,respectively.The rooting effect of multiple shoots on 1/2 MS medium with 0.5 mg·L^(-1) IBA was better.Through the embryo rescue of immature hybrid embryos,the distant hybrid offspring were successfully obtained,and the new germplasm of kiwifruit was innovated,which provided the basis for kiwifruit breeding.