不同规模生猪养殖成本收益分析——以山东省为例

Cost-Benefit Analysis of Pig Breeding in Different Scales——Taking Shandong Province as an Example

生猪养殖业稳定良性发展对人民安居乐业、社会有序安定具有重要意义。本文以山东省为例,根据2006—2023年统计年鉴数据,对不同规模生猪养殖成本构成及变动、收益及成本利润率等进行对比分析,了解不同养殖规模的成本收益特征。研究发现,山东省生猪养殖在全国范围内具有明显的成本优势,效益优势并不突出;随着规模养殖扩大,成本效益优势逐渐凸显,但并不是规模越大盈利能力越强,大规模养殖的效益优势暂未体现出来。在此基础上提出,加强对生猪养殖“投入—产出”及相关畜产品的价格监测,合理适度扩大养殖规模、发挥规模经济优势,完善医疗、防疫及保险等补贴政策、降低养殖风险,提高资源利用效率、科学规范管理,从而为促进山东省生猪养殖业的良性发展提供思路。

The stable and healthy development of pig breeding industry was great significance to the people's living and working in peace and social order and stability.Took Shandong Provilce as an example,according to the statistical yearbook data from 2006 to2023,this paper analyzed the cost composition and change,income and cost profit rate of different scales pig breeding,then identified the cost-benefit characteristics of different breeding scales.The study found that pig breeding in Shandong Province had obvious cost advantages in nationwide,but the benefit advantage was not prominent.With the expansion of large-scale breeding,the cost-effectiveness advantage had gradually become prominent,but it was not the larger scale the stronger profitability.The large-scale breeding benefit advantage had not been reflected.On this basis,it was proposed to strengthen the price monitoring of input-output and related products of pig breeding,reasonably and appropriately expanded the scale of breeding,gave full play to the advantages of economic of scale,improved the subsidy policies such as medical epidemic prevention and insurance,reduced the risk of breeding,improved the efficiency of resource utilization and scientific and standardized management,so as to provide ideas for promoting the healthy development of pig breeding industry in Shandong Province.