基于“八景”解析的吴江小城镇地方性景观营建研究

Research on Local Landscape Construction in Wujiang Towns Based on the Analysis of"Eight Scenic"

小城镇地方性景观研究是宜居城乡高质量发展的重要议题,对新型城镇化的推进具有重要意义。为营造具有地方性特质的现代景观,以“三生图景”为框架,分析吴江小城镇的古代八景的地方性特质,探讨如何在现代城乡规划中保护和利用这些古代八景。通过GIS空间分析和文献研究对吴江小城镇八景分布特征的分析,结合田野调查,解读了地方性景观的营建特征和机制:八景的空间分布总体呈现“多核聚集、沿水分布”的特点,八景集中于水网密集型的小城镇空间,较为典型地展现了“渔、桑、圩”相关的生产图景、“桥、塔、寺”相关的生活图景及“水泽、湖泊、泾浜”相关的生态图景。结果表明,吴江小城镇地方性景观的营建应体现“依于水”“乐于水”“隐于水”的智慧,充分体现自然环境、活动主体和人工建构对三生图景的营建过程,引导小城镇生态宜居环境建设。

Local landscape research of town is an important issue for the high-quality development of habitable urban-rural space,and has significant implications for the promotion of new urbanization.In order to create modem landscapes with local qualities,the article takes the"three living landscapes"as a framework,analyses the local qualities of the eight ancient landscapes in Wujiang towns,and discusses how to protect and utilize these ancient landscapes in modern urban and rural planning.The article analyses the distribution characteristics of the eight ancient landscapes in Wujiang towns through GIS spatial analysis and literature research,and combined with field investigation,it interprets the characteristics and mechanisms of the construction of local landscapes.The spatial distribution of the eight scenic spots of Wujiang town generally shows the characteristics of"multi-core aggregation and water distribution".The eight scenic spots are more concentrated in the small town space with dense water network.The eight scenes of Wujiang is a typical presentation of production(fisheries,mulberry forests,and polder fields),living(bridges,pagodas,and temples)and ecological landscape(wetland,lake,and channel).The research results show that the construction of local landscape in Wujiang towns should embody the wisdom of"depending on the water","enjoying the water"and"hidden in the water",fully embodying the process of construction of the natural environment,the activity subject and artificial construction on the three life pictures,and guiding the construction of ecological and livable environment in towns.