南宋临安大石佛院园林复原研究

The Research of Temple of Great Stone Buddha of Southern Song Dynasty

大石佛院是南宋时期西湖最负盛名的寺庙园林之一,至今最远可追溯到公元前秦朝时,当时相传其作为秦始皇揽船石。南宋时期,大佛头作为泛舟西湖北望宝石山的重要地标,是《西湖清趣图》中突出且重要的寺庙园林,其睒电窗的窗式与朱墙壶门是南宋时期极具代表性的寺庙建筑形式。在详细考据有关大石佛院的文献古籍和历史绘画的基础上,梳理其历史沿革,并从周边环境、空间布局、建筑形制、园林活动等诸方面展开深入研究,将大石佛寺分为大石佛院、十三间楼和兜率寺三个部分,并结合《西湖清趣图》进行寺庙内外的复原想象,还原南宋时期大石佛院的园林盛景。大石佛院的复原研究为山地寺庙园林的研究提供较为重要的参考依据,同时也为南宋西湖园林研究的后续展开提供基础。

Temple of Great Stone Buddha is one of the most famous temple gardens in West Lake during the Southern Song Dynasty.It can be traced back to the Qin Dynasty,when it was said to exist as a stone for Emperor Qin Shi Huang to collect boats.During the Southern Song Dynasty,temple of Great Stone Budda was an important landmark for boating to the north of West Lake and gazing at Baoshi Mountain.It was a prominent and important temple garden in the Scenic Attractions of West Lake.The window style of its Shandian windows and the vermilion wall teapot door were representative temple architectural forms of the Southern Song Dynasty.On the basis of detailed research on literature,ancient books,and historical paintings related to Temple of Great Stone Buddha,this article sorts out its historical evolution and conducts in-depth research from various aspects such as surrounding environment,spatial layout,architectural form,and garden activities.Temple of Great Stone Buddha is divided into three parts:Temple of Great Stone Buddha,Thirteen Buildings,and Doushuai Temple.Combined with the Scenic Attractions of West Lake,the restoration imagination of the inside and outside of the temple is carried out to restore the magnificent garden scenery of Temple of Great Stone Buddha during the Southern Song Dynasty.The restoration research of temple of Great Stone Buddha provides an important reference basis for the study of mountain temple gardens,and also provides a foundation for the subsequent research of West Lake gardens in the Southern Song Dynasty.