中国交通隧道运营及防灾通风技术发展与展望

Development and Prospects of Operation and Disaster Prevention Ventilation Technology in China′s Traffic Tunnels

从运营和防灾两个维度,综述了我国交通隧道运营期通风在标准和技术方法两个层面的研究现状,总结了我国交通隧道运营及防灾通风的技术进步并指出了未来的发展方向。结果表明:新世纪以来我国交通隧道呈现出建造长度特长化、建造环境多元化、建造形式复杂化以及服务对象低碳化的发展趋势,对我国交通隧道运营及防灾通风的技术进步起到了显著推动作用;针对特长山岭隧道、高海拔隧道、水下隧道以及曲线和互通等复杂隧道类型,已发展出了成熟的通风技术体系,但现行运营通风标准在匹配汽车行业的技术进步方面存在一定滞后性;未来我国交通隧道运营及防灾通风朝向低碳和数字智慧化方向发展将成为必然趋势。

From the perspectives of operation and disaster prevention,this paper reviews the current research status of ventilation in China's traffic tunnel operation at the levels of standards and technical methods.It summarizes the technical progress in operation and disaster prevention ventilation of traffic tunnels in China and points out the future development directions.The results show that since the new century,China's traffic tunnels have shown a develop⁃ment trend characterized by longer construction lengths,diversified construction environments,increased complexi⁃ty of construction forms,and a shift toward lower carbon services.These trends have significantly promoted the tech⁃nical progress in the operation and disaster prevention ventilation of traffic tunnels.For complex tunnel types such as extra-long mountain tunnels,high-altitude tunnels,underwater tunnels,and tunnels with curves and interchanges,a mature ventilation technology system has been developed.However,the current operational ventilation standards are somewhat lagging in matching the technological advancements in the automotive industry.In the future,the de⁃velopment of traffic tunnel operation and disaster prevention ventilation in China will inevitably trend towards low carbon and digital intelligence.