港珠澳大桥岛隧工程技术挑战

Technical Challenges in the Artificial Island and Immersed Tunnel Works of Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge Project

港珠澳大桥岛隧工程是全桥项目的控制性工程,面临地质条件差、海上作业风险高、建设标准要求高和工期紧等多方面困难,建成后为目前世界最长的公路沉管隧道。2018年港珠澳大桥正式通车,2023年主体工程通过竣工验收,藉此再次梳理港珠澳大桥建设期面对的困难和技术挑战,大桥建设者秉承建设理念,以科研技术管理为抓手,通过科研与实践形成了海中人工岛快速成岛、深厚软弱土沉管隧道地基基础处理与沉降控制、工厂化管节预制等多项关键技术。其成果有力支撑了岛隧工程建设,为后续大型越江跨海岛隧工程建设奠定了基础,为世界跨海岛隧工程建设贡献了中国智慧。

The artificial island and immersed tunnel works of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge project is the controlling works of the entire bridge project,facing various difficulties such as poor geological conditions,high off⁃shore operations risks,high construction standards,and tight schedules.It has become the longest highway im⁃mersed tunnel in the world after completion.The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was officially opened in 2018,and the main project passed the completion acceptance in 2023.This paper re-examines the difficulties and technical challenges faced during the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.Adhering to the construction con⁃cept and focusing on scientific and technological management,the bridge builders formed several key technologies through research and practice,such as rapid artificial island formation in the sea,foundation treatment and settle⁃ment control of immersed tunnel in deep soft soils,and prefabrication of tunnel elements in factory.These achieve⁃ments have strongly supported the construction of the artificial island and tunnel project,laid the foundation for sub⁃sequent large-scale river and sea-crossing artificial island and tunnel projects,and contributed Chinese wisdom to the construction of sea-crossing artificial island and tunnel projects in the world.