领悟社会支持对呼吸系统疾病患者家庭照顾者心理弹性的影响

Understanding the impact of social support on the psychological resilience of family caregivers for patients with respiratory diseases

目的:探讨呼吸系统疾病患者家庭照顾者的领悟社会支持对其心理弹性的作用以及内部心理机制。方法:采用领悟社会支持量表、中文版一般自我效能感量表、康纳-戴维森复原力量表对206名呼吸系统疾病患者家庭照顾者进行问卷调查。运用SPSS 25.0和MPLUS 8.3对数据进行统计分析。结果:①呼吸系统疾病患者家庭照顾者的领悟社会支持与其心理弹性正相关(r=0.32,P<0.01),与自我效能感正相关(r=0.39,P<0.01),自我效能感与心理弹性正相关(r=0.38,P<0.01);②中介效应检验表明,呼吸系统疾病患者家庭照顾者领悟社会支持对心理弹性的直接效应显著,效应值为0.32,自我效能感在领悟社会支持与心理弹性的间接效应显著,效应值为0.17,自我效能感在领悟社会支持与心理弹性之间起部分中介作用。结论:领悟社会支持不仅直接影响呼吸系统疾病患者家庭照顾者的心理弹性,还可以通过自我效能感间接影响心理弹性。以上心理运行机制对减少呼吸系统疾病患者家庭照顾者的身体和心理负担至关重要。

Objective:To explore the role of perceived social support from family caregivers of patients with respiratory diseases on their psychological resilience and the internal psychological mechanisms.Methods:A questionnaire survey of 206 family caregivers of patients with respiratory diseases was conducted using the Collaborative Social Support Scale,the Chinese version of the General Self-Efficacy Scale,and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.SPSS 25.0 and MPLUS 8.3 were used to statistically analyze the data.Results:①Perceived social support of family caregivers of patients with respiratory diseases was positively correlated with their psychological resilience(r=0.316,P<0.01)and with self-efficacy(r=0.39,P<0.01),and self-efficacy was positively correlated with psychological resilience(r=0.376,P<0.01).②The mediation effect test showed that the direct effect of perceived social support on psychological resilience among family caregivers of patients with respiratory diseases was significant,with an effect size of 0.32,and the indirect effect of self-efficacy on perceived social support and psychological resilience was significant,with an effect size of 0.17,with self-efficacy partially mediating the relationship between perceived social support and psychological resilience.Conclusion:Perceived social support not only directly affects psychological resilience in family caregivers of patients with respiratory diseases,but also indirectly affects psychological resilience through self-efficacy.The above mechanisms of psychological functioning are essential for reducing the physical and psychological burden on family caregivers of patients with respiratory diseases.