手术室医疗器械相关压力性损伤现状及其影响因素的调查分析

Investigation analysis of the current status of medical device-related press injuries in the operating room and the infl uencing factors

目的探讨手术室医疗器械相关压力性损伤(MDRPI)的影响因素及护理管理对策。方法选取2021年1月—2022年6月医院外科手术治疗的1268例患者作为调查对象,收集患者一般人口学特征、手术信息、疾病治疗情况等,计算MDRPI的发生率,借助SPSS软件,筛选出MDRPI的影响因素,制订有效的预防护理措施。结果单因素分析结果显示,不同手术时间、年龄、体质指数、术中出血量、手术体位、术中体温变化、注册手术室护士(CORN)评分、手术医疗器械种类、MDRPI发生时间段情况下发生MDRPI比较差异比较具有统计学意义(P<0.05);经多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、手术时间、术中出血量、手术医疗器械种类、术中体温变化是MDRPI的影响因素(P<0.05),其中,年龄≥65岁、手术时间≥3 h、术中出血量≥100 mL/h、手术医疗器械种类、术中体温变化>1℃的患者更容易发生MDRPI。结论手术室MDRPI考虑多种因素的综合作用,年龄、手术时间、术中出血量、手术医疗器械种类、术中体温变化是MDRPI的影响因素,应针对上述因素,采取相应预防措施。

Objective To discuss the factors of medical device-related press injuries(MDRPI)in the operating room and nursing management countermeasures.Methods 1268 patients under surgical treatment in the hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the survey object,to collect the general demographic characteristics,surgical information,and disease treatment etc.,calculate the incidence of MDRPI,and with the help of SPSS software,the influencing factors of MDRPI were screened out and effective preventive nursing measures were formulated.Results The results of univariate analysis showed that the diff erence in the occurrence of MDRPI in the case of diff erent surgery time,age,body mass index,intraoperative bleeding,surgical position,intraoperative temperature change,Certifi ed Operating Room Nurse(CORN)scores,types of surgical medical equipment,and time period of MDRPI occurrence was statistically significant(P<0.05).After multifactorial Logistic regression analysis,the results showed that age,operation time,intraoperative bleeding,type of surgical medical device,and intraoperative temperature change were the infl uencing factors of MDRPI(P<0.05),in which patients with age≥65 years,operation time≥3 h,intraoperative bleeding≥100 mL/h,type of surgical medical device,and intraoperative temperature change>1℃were more likely to happen MDRPI.Conclusion MDRPI in the operating room considers the combined eff ect of multiple factors,age,operation time,intraoperative bleeding,type of surgical medical device,and intraoperative temperature change are the infl uencing factors of MDRPI,and preventive measures should be taken accordingly for the above factors.