元白高古观考论

Textual Research on Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi’s View of Unadorned Antiquity

高古是元白共有的审美情趣。白居易诗文中的高古有三重内涵:政治角色层面,创作者对待国家要有深沉的思考与寄托;日常生活层面,创作者要保持高闲散淡的生活趣味;文学创作层面,高古的作品多是古体、散体,抒情主人公多是拥有崇高品格的诗人。元稹凭借主客观条件,在元和末、长庆初发展了白居易的讽喻文学,肩负起了“为天子复古”的历史重任,使得元和文学在制诰文改革声中渐渐落幕。白居易的文学创作在高古审美的主导下不断拓展创作题材,推动了中晚唐文学的发展。在此基础上,对元稹、白居易高古审美的钩沉发覆,不仅可以重新诠释白居易诗学的审美内核,并且可以反思元和末、长庆初的文学新变。

Unadorned antiquity is an aesthetic taste shared by Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi.The concept of high antiquity in Bai Juyi’s poetry and prose has three fold connotations:At the level of political roles,creators should have deep thinking and sustenance towards the country;On a daily life level,creators should maintain a lofty and leisurely lifestyle;At the level of literary creation,works with a high antiquity style are mostly archaic and in prose,and the lyrical protagonists are mostly poets with lofty character.Yuan Zhen,relying on subjective and objective conditions,developed Bai Juyi’s allegory literature in the late Yuanhe period and early Changqing period,shouldering the historical responsibility of restoring the ancient ways for the emperor,and gradually ending the literature of the Yuanhe period in the voice of imperial edict reform.Under the guidance of ancient aesthetics,Bai Juyi’s literary creations continuously expanded their creative themes and promoted the development of literature in the middle and late Tang dynasties.On this basis,the deep exploration of the unadorned antiquity aesthetics of Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi can not only reinterpret the aesthetic core of Bai Juyi’s poetics,but also reflect on the new literary changes in the late Yuanhe and early Changqing years.