《刑法修正案(十二)》的立法要义和司法表达

Legislative Essence and Judicial Expression of the Criminal Law Amendment(Ⅻ)

追求平等是刑法的基本价值取向。立法平等是司法平等的规范前提和基础,司法平等落到实处还有赖于区别对待的体系性机制和规则。当前,民营企业与民营企业家权益的平等保护出现了偏差的一面,对行贿犯罪的惩处也有失对等的严厉度,有损刑法对平等价值的贯彻质效。《刑法修正案(十二)》以切实回应重大现实问题为导向,既实质上无差别地供给了民营企业与民营企业家权益的规范保护,又整体地提高了行贿犯罪的处罚力度。这统合了立法平等的确立与司法平等的实现。刑法中的平等既相对、又相当,并容允差异化与个别特定化。《刑法修正案(十二)》很好地秉持了立法对称与对等的相对性。在实施阶段,仍需回溯立法原意,尊重司法能动性,优化解释立场,凝练司法规则。

The pursuit of equality in criminal law is a recognized value orientation.Legislative equality is the normative premise and foundation of judicial equality,and the implementation of judicial equality also depends on systematic mechanisms and rules such as differential treatment.At present,there is a deviation in the equal protection of the rights and interests of private enterprises and private entrepreneurs,and the punishment for bribery crimes is not as severe as equivalent,which undermines the quality and effectiveness of the implementation of the equal value in criminal law.The Criminal Law Amendment(XII)is guided by a practical response to major practical issues,which not only provides indiscriminate normative protection for the rights and interests of private enterprises and private entrepreneurs,but also overall increases the punishment for bribery crimes.Therefore,it integrates the establishment of legislative equality and the realization of judicial equality.Equality in criminal law is both relative and equivalent,and tolerates differentiation and individual specificity.The two types of amendments to the Criminal Law Amendment(Ⅻ)uphold the relativity of legislative symmetry and equivalence.In the implementation stage,it is still necessary to return to the original intention of legislation,respect judicial agency,optimize interpretation positions,and refine judicial rules.