外商投资区域生态位、进化动量与空间分布——2012—2021年中国31个省份实证研究

Study on Regional Niche,Evolutionary Momentum and Spatial Distribution of Foreign Investment—Empirical Study of 31 Provinces in China from 2012 to 2021

战略定位是战略管理的核心,区域生态位是战略定位的核心。文章将区域生态位视角引入外商投资领域,以2012—2021年外商投资中国内地31个省份为研究对象,探索外商投资区域生态位、进化动量和空间分布规律。研究结果表明:(1)外商投资中国资源竞争不激烈,区域生态位强度、重叠度不高,生态位宽度较大,外商投资沿海地区较多、大西北地区较少;(2)外商投资中国区域生态位强度和宽度的进化动量较大、外商投资提升空间较大,在大西北地区提升空间较大、沿海地区提升空间较小;(3)中国外商投资空间呈现梯队分布且地理空间呈现高高聚集或低低聚集的正相关关系;(4)外商投资中国区域生态位强度、宽度及强度进化动量对于外贸区域发展具有促进作用,生态位宽度进化动量对区域外贸发展促进作用不明显。由此,文章分析得出如下启示:我国宜促进外商投资区域资源扩展和进化程度、优化外商投资区域资源结构和进化动能、强化外商投资区域协同和产业聚集效应。

Strategic positioning is the core of strategic management,and regional niche is the core of strategic positioning.This study introduces the perspective of regional niche into the field of foreign investment,focusing on 31 provinces in China with foreign investment from 2012 to 2021.It explores the regional niche,evolutionary momentum,and spatial distribution patterns of foreign investment in these regions.The results show that:(1)Foreign investment in China's resource competition is not fierce.The intensity and overlap of regional niches are not high,the width of ecological niches is large.The foreign investment is more in coastal areas and less in the Greater Northwest region.(2)The evolution momentums of the ecological niche intensity and width of foreign investment in China are relatively large.There is a lot of room for improvement in foreign investment.In the northwest region,there is a lot of room for improvement,while in coastal areas,there is relatively little room for improvement.(3)The spatial distribution of foreign investment in China is echelon,and the geographical space shows a positive correlation between high high clustering or low low clustering.(4)The intensity,width,and intensity evolution momentum of the ecological niche of foreign investment in China have a promoting effect on the development of foreign trade regions,while the ecological niche width evolution momentum has a less significant promoting effect on the development of regional foreign trade.Based on these,this study proposes three inspirations:China should promote the expansion and evolution of regional resources for foreign investment,optimize the resource structure and evolution momentum of foreign investment regions,and strengthening the synergy and industrial agglomeration effects of foreign investment regions.