牙周炎患者种植治疗的风险因素及防控

Risk factors and prevention for implant treatment in patients with periodontitis

牙周炎患者在接受种植治疗时,若存在余留牙牙周感染、软硬组织缺损等问题,可能导致种植部位感染、龈乳头缺失、软组织退缩、与邻牙协调性差等风险。对于这类患者在种植治疗前应积极控制牙周感染;针对软硬组织不足问题,可通过牙槽嵴保存及软组织增量手术,尽可能改善软硬组织条件;针对咬合及邻牙协调性问题,常常需要牙周、正畸和修复等多学科联合治疗;种植治疗后还应做好种植体和天然牙的定期健康维护。本文对这些风险因素及防控策略进行探讨,以期为牙周炎患者种植治疗提供参考。

In patients with periodontitis,due to problems of periodontal tissue infection as well as soft and hard tissues defects,it may lead to implant infection,gingival papilla loss,soft tissue recession and poor coordination with adjacent teeth.For such patients,periodontal infection should be actively controlled before dental implant therapy.In consideration of insufficient soft and hard tissues,alveolar ridge preservation and soft tissue augmentation procedure can be used to preserve or increase soft and hard tissues as much as possible.Multi-disciplinary treatment is often needed for occlusion problems and coordination with adjacent tooth.Periodontal maintenance treatment of implants and natural teeth is also necessary after implant therapy.This paper discussed these risk factors and strategies for prevention and control,in order to provide some clinical guidances for the implant treatment of periodontitis patients.