不同基因型糜子品种氮磷养分吸收差异研究

Study on the Difference of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Uptake of Different Genotypes of Proso Millet(Panicum miliaceum L.)Varieties

选择不同生态区主栽的10个糜子品种,于2017和2018年大田试验研究了不同糜子品种对氮磷养分吸收的差异。结果表明,不同糜子品种的干物质积累量、植株吸氮和吸磷量及产量差异显著。与当地主栽品种陇糜14号相比,内糜6号、宁糜14号和赤糜1号的干物质积累量年均分别达到其72.9%、74.9%和77.0%,磷吸收量分别达到其67.1%、75.2%和85.2%,氮吸收量分别达到其71.9%、80.1%和79.6%;而晋黍7号、内糜8号、榆糜3号和陇糜13号的干物质积累量、吸氮量和吸磷量分别达到其136.2%~166.6%、131.2%~176.8%和144.8%~201.6%,其中陇糜13号的干物质积累量和养分吸收量最高。在产量及其构成要素中,与其他品种相比,晋黍7号的穗重和穗粒重最高,宁糜14号和内糜6号的穗数显著较高,内糜6号、内糜8号和宁糜14号的产量明显较高。不同糜子品种的氮磷比显示,拔节期前高氮磷比和拔节期后低氮磷比有利于糜子干物质积累和产量形成,不同生育阶段的氮磷比也可作为选择高产型糜子的重要指标。

This study selected ten main varieties of proso millet grown in different ecological areas and conducted field trials in 2017 and 2018 to study the differences in nitrogen and phosphorus uptake of different proso millet varieties.The results showed that the dry matter accumulation,nitrogen and phosphorus uptake and yield of different proso millet varieties were significantly different.Compared with the main variety Longmi 14,the dry matter accumulation of Neimi 6,Ningmi 14 and Chimi 1 reached 72.9%,74.9%and 77.0%,respectively,the phosphorus absorption reached 67.1%,75.2%and 85.2%,respectively,and the nitrogen absorption reached 71.9%,80.1%and 79.6%,respectively.However,the dry matter accumulation,nitrogen absorption and phosphorus absorption of Jinshu 7,Neimi 8,Yumi 3,and Longmi 13 reached 136.2%-166.6%,131.2%-176.8%,and 144.8%-201.6%,respectively,of which Longmi 13 had the highest dry matter accumulation and nutrient absorption.In terms of yield and its components,compared with other varieties,Jinshu 7 had the highest panicle weight and grain weight per panicle,Ningmi 14 and Neimi 6 had the highest panicle number,and Neimi 6,Neimi 8,and Ningmi 14 had the highest yield.The N/P of different proso millet varieties showed that high N/P before jointing and low N/P after jointing were beneficial to dry matter accumulation and yield formation of proso millet,and the N/P at different growth stages could also be used as an important index for selecting high-yield proso millet.