2017—2022年新疆维吾尔自治区巴音郭楞蒙古自治州棘球蚴病监测

Surveillance of echinococcosis in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2017 to 2022

目的分析2017—2022年新疆维吾尔自治区巴音郭楞蒙古自治州棘球蚴病监测结果,为该地区制定棘球蚴病防治措施提供参考依据。方法2017—2022年,在巴音郭楞蒙古自治州棘球蚴病Ⅰ、Ⅱ类流行县(市)采用多阶段抽样法随机抽取村民进行棘球蚴病查病,对在Ⅲ类流行县(市)医疗机构接受超声检查的所有就诊患者进行棘球蚴病主动筛查;于集中屠宰场或屠宰点,采用触检、剖检法对羊和牛等家畜进行棘球蚴病筛查;于各行政村随机抽取养犬户,收集新鲜家犬粪便,检测家犬棘球绦虫粪抗原。分析2017—2022年巴音郭楞蒙古自治州人群和家畜棘球蚴病检出率、人群棘球蚴病新发现病例检出率及家犬棘球绦虫粪抗原检出率等指标变化。结果2017—2022年,巴音郭楞蒙古自治州人群棘球蚴病平均检出率为0.13%(540/407803),呈逐年下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=1217.21,P<0.001),其中和静县人群棘球蚴病新发现病例检出率最高(0.28%,191/67865);家畜棘球蚴病检出率呈逐年下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=147.02,P<0.001),其中和静县家畜棘球蚴病检出率最高(3.44%,86/2500);家犬棘球绦虫粪抗原检出率呈逐年下降趋势(χ_(趋势)^(2)=302.46,P<0.001),其中且末县家犬棘球绦虫粪抗原检出率最高(2.74%,118/4313)。结论2017—2022年,新疆维吾尔自治区巴音郭楞蒙古自治州人群棘球蚴病检出率、家畜棘球蚴病检出率及犬棘球绦虫粪抗原检出率均呈下降趋势;但棘球蚴病在局部地区仍然存在较高传播风险,需持续开展棘球蚴病综合防治。

Objective To analyze the echinococcosis surveillance results in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2017 to 2022,so as to provide insights into formulation of echinococcosis control measures in the prefecture.Methods Villagers were randomly sampled using a multistage sampling method from class Ⅰ and Ⅱ echinococcosis endemic counties in Bayingolin Mongolian Autonomous Prefecture from 2017 to 2022 for detection of human echinococcosis,while all patients undergoing ultrasound examinations in medical institutions in class Ⅲ endemic counties received active echinococcosis screening.In addition,livestock in centralized slaughterhouses or slaughtering sites were screened for echinococcosis using the palpation and necropsy method,and fresh domestic dog feces samples were collected from randomly selected dog owners in each administrative village for detection of Echinococcus copro-antigen in domestic dogs.The trends in detection of human and livestock echinococcosis,detection of newly diagnosed human echinococcosis cases and detection of Echinococcus copro-antigen in domestic dogs were analyzed in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture from 2017 to 2022.Results The mean detection rate of human echinococcosis was 0.13%(540/407803)in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture from 2017 to 2022,which appeared a tendency towards a decline over years(χ_(trend)^(2)=1217.21,P<0.001),and the highest detection of newly diagnosed echinococcosis cases was seen in Hejing County(0.28%,191/67865).The detection of livestock echinococcosis appeared a tendency towards a decline over years from 2017 to 2022(χ_(trend)^(2)=147.02,P<0.001),with the highest detection rate seen in Hejing County(3.44%,86/2500),and the detection of Echinococcus copro-antigen in domestic dogs appeared a tendency towards a decline over years from 2017 to 2022(χ_(trend)^(2)=302.46,P<0.001),with the highest detection rate in Qiemo County(2.74%,118/4313).Conclusions The detection of human and livestock echinococcosis and dog feces antigens Echinococcus copro-antigen in domestic dogs all appeared a tendency towards a decline in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2017 to 2022;however,there is still a high echinococcosis transmission risk in local areas.Sustainable integrated echinococcosis control is required in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture.