基于激光反射和折射测量透明液体折射率

Measuring the refractive index of transparent liquids based on laser reflection and refraction

设计了一个基于激光反射测量透明液体折射率的实验。实验测量装置由升降台、容器、光屏、激光、移测显微镜构成。激光以小角度照射容器底部,光屏接收反射的激光,移测显微镜确定容器的位置。在确定容器的初始位置后,往容器中加适量的透明液体,再缓慢下降容器。在容器下降的过程中,当容器底部、液面反射的激光与空容器时底部反射的激光照射光屏同一位置时分别确定容器的位置。最后,根据移测显微镜确定的这三个位置就可计算得到透明液体的折射率。这种测量方法的原理简单、易懂,实验易演示,可以提升实验教学效果。

An experiment is designed to measure the refractive index of transparent liquids based on laser reflection.The experimental device is composed of a lifting platform,a container,a light screen,a laser and a traveling microscope.The laser light irradiates the bottom of the container at a small angle,the light screen receives the reflected laser light and the position of the container is determined by the traveling microscope.After determining the initial position of the container,add an appropriate amount of transparent liquid to the container,and then slowly lower the container.In the process of lowering the container,when the reflected laser from the bottom of the container and the liquid level irradiates the light screen at the same position as the reflected laser from the bottom of the empty container,the positions of the container are determined,respectively.Finally,the refractive index of the transparent liquid is obtained by calculation according to the three positions of the container determined by the traveling microscope.The principle of the measurement method is simple,easy to understand,and the experiment is easy to demonstrate,which can improve the effectiveness of experimental teaching.