文史互证视域下晚清驻藏大臣的咏藏诗探析

Exploration and Analysis of the Tibet-chanting Poems Written by Ambans in Tibet in the Late Qing Dynasty from the Perspective of Cross-corroboration between Literature and History

清代中央王朝对西藏的统治达到了前所未有的高度,西藏地方与中央王朝往来频繁,良好密切的民族关系促进了咏藏诗的繁荣。驻藏大臣作为清廷派往西藏的“最高行政长官”,长年累月驻扎在西藏,切身感受着西藏的山川美景、风土人情。晚清时期的瑞元、斌良、有泰、联豫等驻藏大臣将边地风情写进了自己的汉文诗歌里,一方面其文学创作完善了中国文学的地理版图,另一方面其咏藏诗又是晚清社会历史的反映,对研究晚清西藏多元主体的互动、多民族的交流等具有存史、补史的作用。

The central government's rule over Tibet in the Qing Dynasty reached an unprecedented height.Then there were frequent exchanges between Tibet and the central government,and the good and close ethnic relations promoted the writing of the Tibet-chanting poetry.As the"highest-ranking government officer"appointed to Ti-bet by the Qing government,Ambans,the ministers stationed in Tibet for many years and enjoyed the beautiful landscape of mountains,rivers,and local customs of Tibet.In the late Qing Dynasty,the ministers in Tibet,such as Ruiyuan,Binliang,Youtai,Lianyu,wrote their personal feelings for the scenery of the border region into their poems.On the one hand,their literary creations improved the geographical territory of the Chinese literature,on the other hand,their Tibet-chanting poems reflected the social history of the late Qing Dynasty.Therefore,the poems played a role in recording and supplementing the history of the multi-subject interaction and multi-eth-nic exchanges in Tibet in the late Qing Dynasty.