基于多源遥感技术的泥石流小流域及沟道侵蚀特征分析

Analysis of Erosion Characteristics of Small Watershed and Channel of Debris Flow Based on Multi-source Remote Sensing Technology

本文主要探究了多源遥感技术在泥石流小流域及沟道侵蚀特征分析中的应用。分别从卫星雷达影像、航空遥感影响、大比例数字地形图和野外调查数据获取研究区数据,使用二轨法和偏移量跟踪技术进行形变信息提取,并建立了“坡面-流域-沟道”数字系统。利用该系统提取研究区内的坡体侵蚀产沙特征,分别选取沟道高差、沟道长度、流域面积、植被覆盖率4项因素,探究各项因素对侵蚀速率的影响。结果表明,减小沟道高差,延长沟道长度,能降低沟道侵蚀速率;减小流域面积,提高植被覆盖率,能降低小流域侵蚀速率。

This paper mainly explores the application of multi-source remote sensing technology in the analysis of erosion characteristics of small watershed and channel of debris flow.The data of the study area were obtained from satellite radar images,aerial remote sensing effects,large scale digital topographic maps and field survey data,and the deformation information was extracted by using the two-track method and offset tracking technology,and a digital system of"slope-basin-channel"was established.This system was used to extract the characteristics of slope erosion and sediment yield in the study area,and four factors including channel height difference,channel length,watershed area and vegetation coverage were selected to explore the influence of each factor on the erosion rate.The results show that the erosion rate of the channel can be reduced by decreasing the elevation difference and lengthening the channel length.Reducing watershed area and increasing vegetation coverage can reduce erosion rate of small watershed.