微生物合成2′-岩藻糖基乳糖和3-岩藻糖基乳糖的代谢工程策略研究进展

Research Progress in Metabolic Engineering Strategies for Microbial Synthesis of 2′-Fucosyllactose and 3-Fucosyllactose

人乳寡糖(human milk oligosaccharide,HMOs)是母乳的关键成分,它对婴幼儿健康成长发挥着重要的作用。2′-岩藻糖基乳糖(2′-fucosyllactose,2′-FL)和3-岩藻糖基乳糖(3-fucosyllactose,3-FL)是HMOs的主要组分,具有抑制病原体感染、调节肠道菌群和提高免疫力等功能,其合成方法成为近年内的研究热点。然而,利用化学法或酶法合成2′-FL和3-FL具有反应过程繁琐、成本高以及产物收率低等缺点,无法满足市场的需求,因此,高效的微生物法已被开发应用于2′-FL和3-FL的商业化生产。本文总结2′-FL和3-FL的制备方法,系统阐述微生物法合成2′-FL和3-FL的工程化策略,为后续2′-FL和3-FL的微生物生产提供一定的研究思路。

Human milk oligosaccharides(HMOs)are key components of breast milk,playing a vital role in fostering the healthy development of infants and young children.Among the main HMOs components,2′-fucosyllactose(2′-FL)and 3-fucosyllactose(3-FL)exhibit considerable benefits in terms of inhibiting pathogenic infections,regulating gut microbiota,and enhancing immunity.In recent years,the synthesis of 2′-FL and 3-FL has emerged as a prominent area of research in the field.Despite the potential advantages of chemical or enzymatic synthesis of 2′-FL and 3-FL,these methods are hindered by their inherent limitations,including intricate reaction procedures,high costs,and poor yield,which are not conducive to meeting the demand of the market.Therefore,more efficient microbial methods have been developed and applied in the commercial production of 2′-FL and 3-FL.This article systematically outlines the methods for preparing both 2′-FL and 3-FL,thoroughly expounds upon the engineering strategies for microbial synthesis of 2′-FL and 3-FL,and provides a compelling framework for further microbial production exploration of 2′-FL and 3-FL.