基于光学相干断层成像的剥脱综合征和剥脱性青光眼眼底病变研究进展

Research advances in the fundus lesion of exfoliation syndrome and exfoliation glaucoma based on optical coherence tomography

剥脱综合征(exfoliation syndrome,XFS)以眼内异常纤维样物质沉积为特征,临床典型表现为裂隙灯下瞳孔缘和(或)晶状体前囊膜存在灰白色粉末状的剥脱物(exfoliation material,XFM)。XFM可阻塞小梁网引起剥脱性青光眼(exfoliaiton glaucoma,XFG),并可通过房水循环进入血液,引起血管性损害。眼底病变视力损伤通常不可逆,XFM可进入眼底微血管及毛细血管,引起眼底结构和血管异常。基于光学相干断层成像技术的光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)及光学相干断层扫描血管成像(optical coherence tomography angiography,OCTA)以实时、非侵入性、高分辨率等优势,已广泛应用于眼底组织结构及血管病变检查。文章对XFS眼底病变在OCT和OCTA上的表现进行综述。

Exfoliation syndrome(XFS)was characterized by the abnormal deposition of the fiber-like material intraocularly,and manifested as white or gray,powdery exfoliation material(XFM)on the pupillary border and(or)anterior lens capsule under slit lamp microscopy.XFM could obstruct the trabecular meshwork and cause exfoliation glaucoma(XFG).In addition,XFM that entered aqueous humor circulation could enter bloodstream and result in vascular damage.XFM could enter ocular fundus microvascular and capillary vessels,causing abnormalities of fundus structures and vessels.Optical coherence tomography(OCT)and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),which were based on optical coherence tomography technology,had the advantages of real-time,non-intrusive and high resolution,et al.OCT and OCTA were widely used in detection of fundus structural and vascular abnormalities.This study was to review the fundus lesion of XFS on OCT and OCTA.