光照与水分对骆驼蓬形态特征和生物量的影响

Effects of Light and Water on Morphological Characteristics and Biomass of Peganum harmala

为探究骆驼蓬苗期对光照和水分的响应,采取光照和水分双因素控制试验,通过大田种植的方式,设置2种光照梯度(全光照T1、遮光T2),设置W1(1 d浇灌1次)、W2(7 d浇灌1次)、W3(14 d浇灌1次)3个水分处理梯度,每次浇灌量为15 L·m^(-2),分析不同光照与水分处理对骆驼蓬形态指标、生物量积累的影响。结果表明,骆驼蓬在全光照条件下长势均优于遮光处理,T1W1处理较T2W1处理骆驼蓬枝长、地径、叶片数和分枝数分别增加83.64%、67.21%、41.56%和116.34%,地上干重、地下干重分别增加250.77%和340.79%。遮光、高水分胁迫处理下骆驼蓬生长受限、叶片脱落、分枝减少,但无幼苗死亡现象。说明T1W1处理适宜骆驼蓬苗期生长,且骆驼蓬具有较强的适应能力,可作为光照充足地区的园林绿化及荒山绿化材料。

In order to investigate the response of Peganum harmala L.to light and water,a two-factor controlled trial of light and water was conducted,in which two light gradients(full light T1 and shade T2)and three water treatment gradients of W1(1 d watering),W2(7 d watering)and W3(14 d watering)were set by planting in a field,with each watering volume of 15 L·m^(-2),to analyze the effects of different light and water.The effects of different light and water treatments on morphological indexes and biomass accumulation of P.harmala were analyzed.The results showed that the growth of P.harmala was better than that of the shading treatment under full light conditions,and the branch length,ground diameter,number of leaves and number of branches increased by 83.64%,67.21%,41.56%and 116.34%,and the aboveground and underground dry weights increased by 250.77%and 340.79%,respectively,in the T1W1 treatment compared with that in the T2W1 treatment.The growth of P.harmala was restricted,leaves were shed,and branching was reduced under shading and high water stress treatments,but there was no seedling death.This indicates that P.harmala shows light-loving characteristics in the seedling stage and has strong adaptive ability,which is recommended to be used as a material for landscaping and greening of barren mountains in areas with sufficient light.