论因明的知识谱系

On the Intellectual Genealogy of Hetuvidyā

如果把因明仅仅定义为关于三支论式及其规则之学,重读古典,走进文本,则可以从文本里衍生出因明的知识谱系:从因明的发展演进来看,实现了印度因明到中国化因明的转换;从因明理论来看,三支论式是五支论式的完善,有与亚里士多德三段论不同的概念群;从研究范围来看,涵摄因明理论与应用。因明知识谱系的分析表明,与有效性推理不同,因明有着自己的一套概念体系和应用范围。从产生之初,逻辑就是思想的论证工具。研究逻辑史、写作逻辑史理应从思想论证视角进入,从逻辑理论与应用两个方面发现并总结不同逻辑的各自特征,这是文明互鉴的基础。

If we define Hetuvidyāsimply as the study of the Buddhist three-part reasonings(trayāvayava)and their rules,by rereading the classics and by getting access to the text,the intellectual genealogy of Hetuvidyāis then derived from the text:vie⁃wing from the evolution of Hetuvidyā,there is a conversion achieved from Indian Hetuvidyāto the sinicized Hetuvidyā;from the aspect of theory,three-part reasonings are the perfection of five-part reasonings,with a conceptual group distinct from that of the Aristotelian syllogism;from the scope of study,it encompasses both the theory and the application of Hetuvidyā.The analysis of in⁃tellectual genealogy shows that,Hetuvidyāhas its own conceptual system as well as application range,which differentiates itself from the validity of reasoning.Logic has been a tool for the argumentation of thoughts ever from its emergence,thus our studying and writing of its history should start from the argumentation of thoughts as a perspective,to identify and summarize the characteris⁃tics of different logics in terms of logic theory and its application,which forms the basis of civilization exchanges and mutual consid⁃erations.