我国科技奖励体系发展现状及优化建议

Development,deficiencies,and optimization suggestions of China's Science and Technology Incentive System

科技奖励是我国激励自主创新、激发人才活力的一项重要制度。本文通过对我国科技奖励文献、政策性文件、报道等展开文献研究,并遴选330项国内重要科技奖项展开案例研究,以及针对国内外科技奖励展开分类比较研究,归纳和分析了我国科技奖励的成效与不足之处,并提出针对性的优化建议。我国在奖项分级、报奖机制、奖励对象、遴选机制、评选标准五个方面建立了较为完善的科技奖励体系,但相对发达国家,在社会科技奖励地位、提名和评审的独立性、对青年和女性奖的侧重,以及奖项激励深远性和影响扩散性方面还存在提升空间。为推进科技奖励体系发展,未来应强化对社会科技奖励的支持、提升奖项独立性、提升青年和女性科技奖励覆盖率,以及增加对奖项和获奖者的宣传,优化创新氛围。

Technology award is an important system in China to incentivize independent innovation and stimulate talent vitality.This paper conducts a literature study on technology award documents,policy papers,and reports in China.It also selects 330 important domestic technology awards for case studies and conducts comparative research on technology awards domestically and internationally.The paper summarizes and analyzes the effectiveness and shortcomings of China's technology award system and proposes targeted optimization suggestions.China has established a relatively sound technology award system in terms of award classification,application mechanism,award recipients,selection mechanism,and evaluation criteria.However,compared with developed countries,there is still room for improvement in terms of the status of social technology awards,independence of nomination and evaluation,emphasis on awards for young and female researchers,as well as the long-term impact and diffusion of awards.In order to promote the construction of technology award system,future efforts should focus on strengthening support for social technology awards,enhancing the independence of awards,increasing the coverage of technology awards for young and female researchers,and increase promotion for awards to optimizing the innovation atmosphere.