天津大神堂海洋牧场影响新生牡蛎因素初探

A Preliminary Study on the Influencing Factors of Newborn Oyster in Tianjin Dashentang Marine Ranching

海洋牧场是维持海洋生态平衡、促进海洋可持续发展,以及满足人类对海洋资源需求的一种新兴技术和产业,海域中投放的人工鱼礁可以为牡蛎生物提供理想的繁殖和栖息生境。天津大神堂海洋牧场中已发现大量新生的牡蛎生物体,然而牡蛎的空间分布并不均衡,存在异质性,其影响因素尚未明确,需进一步探索和研究。本文立足于天津大神堂海域国家级海洋牧场示范区,基于线性相关和逐步多元回归分析,量化了礁体与牡蛎分布之间的相关性,明确了牡蛎分布的影响因素并识别了主次关系。结果表明:区域水深、坐底时长、礁体密度、牡蛎礁距离均对牡蛎生物量有重要影响,其中,坐底时长、礁体密度与牡蛎生物量为正相关,区域水深、牡蛎礁距离与牡蛎生物量为负相关,坐底时长、礁体密度及牡蛎礁距离等3个环境变量对牡蛎生物量影响更为显著。本文研究成果可以为海洋牧场的建设和牡蛎礁的修复提供重要的技术支持。

Marine ranching is an emerging technology and industry that maintains the balance of marine ecology,promotes sustainable development of the ocean,and meets human needs for marine resources.The artificial reefs that putted in marine ranching can provide ideal breeding and habitat habitats for oysters.A large number of newborn oysters have been found in Tianjin Dashentang marine ranching.However,the spatial distribution of oysters is uneven and heterogeneous.The influencing factors are not yet clear,and further exploration is urgently needed.Based on Tianjin Dashentang National Marine Ranch Demonstration Area,this study quantified the correlation between artificial reefs and the distribution data of oysters based on stepwise multiple linear regression analysis and spatial analysis,and clarified and ordered the factors affecting the distribution of biological resources.The results showed that the water depth,reef throwing time,reef density,and distance from native oyster reefs all had important effects on oyster biomass.Among them,the reef throwing time,reef density and oyster biomass are positively correlated,and regional water depth,distance from native oyster reefs and oyster biomass are negative correlation.Reef throwing time,reef density and distance from native oyster reefs had a more significant impact on oyster biomass.The results of this study can provide important technical support for the construction of marine ranches and restoration of oyster reefs.