海事法院集中管辖航空案件的路径构建——以服务保障海南自贸港建设为视角

The Study of Maritime Courts Having Centralized Jurisdiction over Aviation Cases:A Perspective of Supporting for Hainan Free Trade Port Construction

航空案件(1)专业性较强,传统管辖模式无法保障案件办理效果,当前对航空案件集中管辖的探索存在合法性不足、诉讼便利性减弱等问题,原因在于制度设计偏离其功能定位。集中管辖有利于服务保障海南自贸港建设、提高治理效能、优化司法资源,应当厘清管辖制度的功能定位,从诉讼经济、司法效能等维度设计其运行框架。海口海事法院(以下简称海事法院)在专业化审判、跨区域管辖及政策支持等层面具有集中管辖该类案件的可行性。据此,从集中管辖的顶层设计、案件范围、配套机制等方面提出具体的构建路径。

As aviation cases are highly professional,the traditional jurisdiction system cannot guarantee the effect of trial.At present,there are some problems about the exploration of centralized jurisdiction over aviation cases,such as lack of legitimacy and litigation convenience.The cause of the above problems is that the design of the system deviates from its purpose.Centralized jurisdiction is beneficial to supporting for the construction of Hainan Free Trade Port,improving governance efficiency,and optimizing judicial resources.The primary objective of the jurisdiction system should be clarified,and litigation economy and judicial efficiency should be considered in the system design.Haikou Maritime Court(hereinafter referred to as the Maritime Court)is feasible of centralized jurisdiction because of its specialized trial,cross-regional jurisdiction and policy support.Therefore,the centralized jurisdiction should be established with top-Level design,clear scope of cases and supporting mechanism.