施磷和间作对麦田土壤真菌群落结构的影响

Effects of different phosphorus fertilizer levels and intercropping on soil fungal community in wheat field

本研究解析麦田土壤真菌群落组成以及对磷肥水平和种植模式的响应。设置90kg/hm^(2)(P1)、135 kg/hm^(2)(P2)和180 kg/hm^(2)(P3)3个施磷(P)量,以及单作(WS)和间作(WI)两种种植方式,应用Illumina高通量测序研究不同磷肥水平和间作对冬小麦土壤氮磷含量和真菌群落结构及其多样性的影响。结果表明:不同施磷水平对间作和单作两种种植模式麦田土壤磷含量影响显著,间作有利于提高低磷水平土壤有效磷含量。高通量测序共获得1157759条有效序列和847个OTUs。所有处理OTUs隶属于8门、26纲、54目、82科、108属。6个处理共有OTUs196个;间作和单作模式特有OTUs分别为147和102个;P1、P2和P3水平特有OTUs各自为113、70和66个。施磷和间作对小麦根系土壤真菌α多样性的影响不大。PCoA分析结果表明,施磷水平和间作及其二者的互作对真菌群落结构存在一定程度上的影响。冗余分析结果显示,土壤有效磷含量对真菌群落结构的影响较大,子囊菌门、担子菌门、被孢霉门和球囊菌门与有效磷均呈正相关关系,而壶菌门则呈负相关。

The response to phosphorus fertilizer level and planting pattern of soil fungal community in wheat field was analyzed.Three phosphorus(P)application rations,90 kg/hm^(2)(P1),135 kg/hm^(2)(P2)and 180 kg/hm^(2)(P3),and two planting modes mono-cropping(WS)and intercropping(WI),were set.Illumina high-throughput sequencing was used to investigate the effects of different phosphorus fertilization levels and intercropping on soil nitrogen and phosphorus content and fungal community composition and diversity in the field of winter wheat.The results showed that different phosphorus application levels had significant effects on soil phosphorus content in intercropping and mono-cropping wheat fields.Intercropping was beneficial to increase available phosphorus content of the soil with low phosphorus level.In total,1157759 effective tags and 847 OTUs were obtained by high-throughput sequencing.All the treated OTUs were classified into 8 phyla,26 classes,54 orders,82 families and 108 genera.There were 196 OTUs in 6 treatments.There were 147 and 102 unique OTUs in intercropping and monoculture modes,respectively.There were 113,70 and 66 OTUs unique to P1,P2 and P3 treatments,respectively.Phosphorus application and intercropping had little effect on fungal alpha diversity in wheat rhizosphere soil.The results of PCoA analysis showed that the level of phosphorus application and intercropping and their interaction had certain effects on fungal community structure.The results of redundancy analysis showed that soil available phosphorus had a greater impact on the fungal community structure,and Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,Mortierellomycota and Glomeromycota were positively correlated with available phosphorus,and Chytridiomycota was negatively correlative.