虚拟轨道列车空气互联平衡悬架的动力学性能研究

Research on the Dynamic Performance of Air Interconnected Balanced Suspension for Virtual Rail Tram

针对数字轨道电车前双轴悬架的超静定问题,提出了互联平衡悬架的解决方案。在建立空气弹簧的热力学模型和连接管路热力学模型的基础上,通过与动力学模型联合仿真,验证该优化方案的效果。互联空气悬架可以优化车辆的行驶平顺性,改善车辆动态轴荷分配。分析了互联管路直径对动力学性能的影响。结果表明:该方案改善了数字轨道电车端车的平顺性和载荷均衡性;当连接管路直径取10~20 mm、以车速20 km/h通过减速带的行驶工况下,互联空气平衡悬架的平顺性较原有结构提升了2%~6%,一、二轴的动载荷的峰值相比原有结构降低2%~16%;随着联通管路直径的增加,车辆行驶的平顺性有提高的趋势,一二轴动载荷的平衡效果也越明显;15 mm的管径能较好地平衡减速带和边坡点2种工况下的动力学性能。

In view of the hyperstatic problem of multi-axis suspension in virtual rail tram,a solution for interconnected balanced suspension is proposed.Based on the establishment of the thermodynamic model for the air spring and the thermodynamic model for the connecting pipeline,the effectiveness of this optimization scheme is verified through joint simulation with the dynamic model.The interconnected air suspension can optimize the ride comfort of the vehicle,and improve the dynamic axle load distribution.The influence of the interconnected pipe diameter on the kinetic performance is analyzed.The results show that by using this scheme,the ride comfort and load balance of the digital tram end car can be improved;when the connecting pipe diameter is 10~20 mm and the speed passes the speed belt,the interconnected air balance suspension increases by 2%~6% compared with the original structure,and the peak dynamic load of the first and second axes is reduced by 2%~16% compared with the original structure;with the increase of the diameter of the connecting pipeline,the ride comfort of the vehicle is improved,and the balance effect of the dynamic load is more obvious;the pipe diameter of 15 mm can better balance the dynamic performance of the speed belt and the slope point.