基于FDM 3D打印机机械结构和控制系统设计的研究

Research on Mechanical Structure and Control System Design of 3D Printer Based on FDM

研究FDM技术支持下的3D打印机设计策略。使用步进控制精度在0.002 mm的丝杠滑块和步进电机的核心坐标控制系统,分别使用1组丝杠控制X轴和Y轴的定位,使用2组丝杠控制Z轴的定位,使用3组FDM挤出系统控制彩色打印过程,在探讨了坐标控制算法和冷却成型算法后,设计了一种包含7个执行机构且有LED综合状态显示功能的3D打印机机械结构和控制系统,且该系统可直接通过USB连接线从桌面端直接将文件传输到3D打印机的ARM系统中。基于FDM 3D打印机机械结构和控制系统设计的研究,可以得出:通过对坐标控制算法和冷却成型算法进行革新,提升对步进电机的控制策略,增加驱动程序可识别的3D模型文件种类,对FDM材料的成型过程进行进一步优化控制,是未来FDM技术支持下的3D打印机重点发展方向。

The 3D printer design strategy supported by FDM technology is studied.Using the core coordinate control system of step control precision of 0.002 mm lead screw slider+step motor,one set of lead screw is used to control the positioning of x-axis and y-axis respectively,two sets of lead screw are used to control the positioning of z-axis,three sets of FDM extrusion system are used to control the color printing process,after discussing the algorithm of setting control and cooling forming,a kind of LED with seven actuators mechanical structure and control system of 3D printer with integrated status display function is designed.And the system can directly transfer files from the desktop to the ARM system of the 3D printer through a USB cable.Based on the research on the mechanical structure and control system design of FDM 3D printers,it can be concluded that by innovating coordinate control algorithms and cooling forming algorithms,improving control strategies for stepper motors,increasing the types of 3D model files recognized by driver programs,and further optimizing and controlling the forming process of FDM materials,it is a key development direction for 3D printers supported by FDM technology in the future.