晋西黄土区不同坡向刺槐林下植物种间关联及群落稳定性

Interspecies Associations and Community Stability of Understory Plants in Robinia pseudoacacia Forests on Different Slope Directions in the Loess Region of Western Shanxi

为了解人工林群落内物种的种间关系及群落稳定性,以晋西黄土区人工刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia)林为研究对象,在样地调查的基础上,采用方差比率法、χ2检验、戈登·摩尔稳定性等方法,对林下植物的种间关系及群落稳定性进行分析。结果表明:(1)调查样地内共有植物30科56属62种。其中,灌木层植物10科18属19种,杠柳(Periploca sepium)为优势种;草本层植物22科38属43种,虉草(Phalaris arundinacea)为优势种。阳坡有14种灌木,阴坡有7种;阴坡有28种草本植物,阳坡有24种。(2)不同坡向刺槐人工林内植物种的关联性不同,阳坡黑麦草(Lolium perenne)和白首乌(Cynanchum bungei)的关联性极显著(P<0.01);半阳坡茜草(Rubia cordifolia)、虉草(Phalaris arundinacea)和北柴胡(Bupleurum chinense)的关联性极显著(P<0.01);阴坡蛇莓(Duchesnea indica)和芦苇(Phragmites australis)的关联性显著(P<0.05);半阴坡酸枣(Ziziphus jujuba)、卫矛(Euonymus alatus)、蒌蒿(Artemisia selengensis)和披针薹草(Carex lancifolia)的关联性极显著(P<0.01)。(3)阳坡和阴坡的林下植物群落整体稳定性强,半阳坡和半阴坡的林下灌木群落稳定性强。

To understand the interspecies relationships and community stability of species within plantation forest communities, Robinia pseudoacacia forests in the Loess Plateau of western Shanxi were selected as the research subject. Based on plot surveys, variance ratio method, χ 2 test, M. Gordon stability, and other methods were employed to analyze the interspecies relationships and community stability of understory plants. The results showed: (1) A total of 62 species from 56 genera and 30 families were found in the surveyed plots, including 19 species of shrubs layer plants belonging to 18 genera in 10 families with Periploca sepium as the dominant species, and 43 species of herb layer plants from 38 genera in 22 families with Phalaris arundinacea as the dominant species. There were 14 shrub species on the sunny slopes and 7 species on the shaded slopes, while there were 28 species of herbaceous plants on the shaded slopes and 24 species on the sunny slopes. (2) The associations among plant species in R. pseudoacacia forests varied on different slope directions, with significant associations ( P <0.01) observed between Lolium perenne and Cynanchum bungei on the sunny slope. The correlation among Rubia cordifolia, P. arundinacea , and Bupleurum chinense on the semi-sunny slope was highly significant ( P <0.01). The correlation between Duchesnea indica and Phragmites australis on the shaded slope was significant ( P <0.05). The correlation among Ziziphus jujuba, Euonymus alatus, Artemisia selengensis , and Carex lancifolia on the semi-shaded slope was highly significant ( P <0.01). (3) Overall, the understory plant communities on both sunny and shaded slopes demonstrated strong stability, while the stability of the understory shrub communities on semi-sunny and semi-shaded slopes was also strong.