干旱半干旱地区城市公园绿地空气负离子浓度特征及影响因素

The Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Air Negative Ion Concentration in Urban Park Green Spaces in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions

为研究干旱半干旱地区城市公园绿地空气负离子浓度(NAIC)特征及影响因素,以呼和浩特市敕勒川公园为对象,于2020—2021年,每个季节选取晴天、晴间多云为主的天气各10 d,同步监测07:00—19:00时段,5种不同结构绿地(乔草型、乔灌型、乔木型、灌草型、乔灌草型)及对照区(CK)空气负离子浓度及PM10、PM2.5、温度、湿度、风速、大气压强、噪声等环境指标。结果表明:不同结构绿地空气负离子浓度季节日变化有所差异;同一季节,复杂结构绿地空气负离子浓度均值较高,不同结构绿地之间空气负离子浓度均值差异不显著;同一结构绿地,夏、秋季空气负离子浓度均值显著高于春、冬季;不同结构绿地空气清洁度夏、秋季较高,空气清洁度评价指数均值分别为0.58~0.78、0.52~0.80。绿地结构、季节对空气负离子浓度影响为主效应,绿地结构×季节对空气负离子浓度交互作用不显著;除此之外,相对湿度、PM10、PM2.5是影响空气负离子浓度的主要因素。

To study the characteristics and influencing factors of air negative ion concentration in urban park green spaces in arid and semi-arid areas, the Chilutu River Park in Hohhot City was selected as the research object. From 2020 to 2021, ten days with sunny or partly cloudy weather were selected for each season. From 7:00-19:00, five different structures of green spaces (tree-grass type, tree-shrub type, tree type, shrub-grass type, tree-shrub-grass type), the air negative ion concentration in the control area (CK), and other environmental indicators such as PM 10 , PM 2.5 , temperature, humidity, wind speed, atmospheric pressure, noise, etc. The results showed that the seasonal diurnal variations of air negative ion concentration differed between green space structures. In the same season, the mean air negative ion concentration in complex structured green spaces was higher, but the difference in mean air negative ion concentration between different structured green spaces was not significant. In the same structured green space, the mean air negative ion concentration in summer and autumn was significantly higher than in spring and winter. The air cleanliness of different structured green spaces was higher in summer and autumn, with mean air cleanliness evaluation index of 0.58-0.78 and 0.52-0.80, respectively. The effects of green space structure and season on air negative ion concentration were shown to be the main effects, and the interaction between green space structure and season on air negative ion concentration was not significant. In addition, relative humidity, PM 10 , and PM 2.5 were found to be the main factors influencing air negative ion concentration.