基于双重差分法的非正式环境规制对城市绿色发展的影响

The Impact of Informal Environmental Regulation on Urban Green Development Based on Difference-Difference Model

运用包含非期望产出的SBM模型测算中国282个地级市绿色发展水平,以中国113个城市的“污染源监管信息公开指数”(PITI)的发布作为准自然实验,采用双重差分法(DID)评估非正式环境规制对城市绿色发展的“净作用”,并探究公众收入与教育支出对PITI绿色发展效应的影响。结果表明:非正式环境规制能够促进城市绿色发展,且结果具有稳健性;资源禀赋与城市区域异质性方面,PITI发布显著提升非资源型城市与中部城市的绿色发展水平,经济发展水平与人力资本水平异质性方面,PITI发布显著提升中、高经济发展水平城市与低、高人力资本水平城市的绿色发展水平,且该绿色发展效应在公众收入与教育支出水平越高的地区更加明显。

On the basis of estimating the green development level of 282 cities in China by using the SBM model containing non-expected outputs,the release of the PITI of 113 cities is taken as a quasi-natural experiment and the"net effect"of informal environmental regulations on urban green development is evaluated by the DID methodand try to explore the influence of public income and education expenditure on the green development effect of PITI.The results show that informal environmental regulation can promote urban green development,and the results are robust.From the perspective of resource endowment and urban regional heterogeneity,PITI can significantly improve the green development level of non-resource-based cities and central cities.From the perspective of economic development level and human capital level heterogeneity,PITI can significantly improve the green development level of cities with medium and high economic development level and cities with low and high human capital level.And the green development effect is more obvious in areas with higher levels of public income and education expenditure.