道路沥青疲劳与断裂特性研究进展及发展趋势

New Developments and Future Trends on Fatigue and Fracture Characteristics of Paving Asphalt Binder

疲劳开裂是沥青路面的主要病害之一,其产生与发展直接制约着道路基础设施生命周期的服役水平与行车舒适安全。近年来,沥青疲劳特性及其对路面抗疲劳性能的贡献日益得到关注,聚焦和解析沥青尺度的疲劳与断裂特性对我国未来沥青路面实现长寿命耐久服役具有重要意义。目前评价沥青疲劳与断裂性能的室内测评手段及数据建模分析方法较多,但尚未形成统一的测评技术体系。随着近年来的不断探索,在试验测评方法方面,逐渐形成了以线性振幅扫描试验为代表的沥青疲劳性能加速测评手段,且其与传统时间扫描疲劳试验均体现出较好的一致性;而在数据分析与建模方法方面,线黏弹特性、耗散能、虚应变能分析以及断裂力学相关方法被逐步应用,驱动沥青疲劳和断裂特性的评价与研究体系逐步从经验走向精准。本文主要从疲劳与断裂测评手段、损伤及失效行为特征判别、疲劳寿命预测方法三方面系统地梳理和归纳沥青疲劳与断裂特性研究方向的最新进展,同时分析了目前沥青尺度疲劳与断裂特性研究尚且存在的问题,展望了未来研究发展趋势,为我国抗疲劳长寿命沥青路面理论与技术的不断发展提供了参考。

Fatigue cracking is one of the main distresses in asphalt pavement and its deterioration directly impacts the service and safety during the life cycle of road infrastructure.Recently,the fatigue characteristic of asphalt binder and its contribution to the anti-fatigue performance of asphalt pavement are gradually getting more attentions.Focusing and analyzing the fatigue and fracture characteristics of asphalt binder is of great significance for the national realization of long-life asphalt pavement in the future.In recent years,various laboratory testing methods and data modeling approaches have been developed for the binder fatigue and fracture performance evaluation,whereas the corresponding specification system has not been fully established.For the testing protocol,the accelerated fatigue procedures such as the linear amplitude sweep have been gradually implemented and verified with the time sweep fatigue test.Regarding to the data interpretation,the applications of the linear viscoelastic characteristics,dissipated energy,pseudo strain energy and fracture mechanics gradually drive the studies of binder fatigue and fracture from empiricism to accuracy.This paper systematically reviews the recent developments on binder fatigue and fracture testing protocols,damage characterizing approaches and fatigue life predictive models,followed by summarizing the existing problems and future prospects in this research area.This review would provide help and reference for the ongoing development of fatigue resistance design and long-life asphalt pavement technology.