1950年代南昌工业的发展及其区域分布考察

Industrial Development and Regional Distribution of Nanchang during the 1950s

随着新中国的成立,南昌的工业进入一个新阶段,工业发展与工业布局体现了社会主义工业体系探索时期的特征。南昌的工业在三年国民经济恢复时期,通过接管与没收官僚资本企业、扶持与恢复生产、抗美援朝与民主改革等运动完成了迅速的恢复。到“一五计划”期间,又通过宣传与动员、制定社会主义工业化蓝图、对干部的提拔与培训等措施,完成了工业的全面恢复与发展。全市的冶金、机械、电力、轻工、二轻工、纺织服装鞋帽、化学、食品与建筑材料工业等9个主要工业门类得到了全面的重建与发展。解放初,东湖区、西湖区与青云谱区工厂分布最多,而湾里区、南昌县、新建县、进贤县与安义县则寥寥无几。全市工业分布具有“区域性”“集中性”与“零散性”的特征。

With the establishment of the People's Republic of China,Nanchang's industrial sector entered a new phase,reflecting the characteristics of the exploratory period of the socialist industrial system.During the three-year recovery period of national economy,Nanchang's industry achieved rapid recovery through taking over and confiscating bureaucrat-capital enterprises,restoring production,supporting the War to Resist US Aggression&Aid Korea and carrying out democratic reforms.By the end of the“First Five-Year Plan”,comprehensive industrial recovery and development had been achieved through such measures as publicity and mobilization,formulating the blueprint of socialist industrialization,and the promotion and training of cadres.The city saw comprehensive reconstruction and development in nine major industrial categories,including metallurgy,machinery,electricity,light industry,secondary light industry,textiles,clothing and footwear,chemicals,food,and building materials.Initially after liberation,factories were most distributed in Donghu District,Xihu District,and Qingyunpu District,while few were found in Wanli District,Nanchang County,Xinjian County,Jinxian County and Anyi County.The city's industrial distribution was characterized by“regionality”,“concentration”,and“dispersion”.