美国后工业经济在全球经济中的节点功能研究

Research on the Nodal Function of the American Post-industrial Economy in the Global Economy

在科技进步,经济发展周期和国际竞争等因素的作用下,美国出现了去工业化的现象,产业结构和经济结构也都发生了巨大的变化。至21世纪初,美国的后工业经济在国民经济中占据了主导地位。当然,美国的经济结构转型与全球经济一体化进程存在着密切联系,并且美国的许多产业都处于全球产业链的高端。因此,美国在经济全球化进程中获利颇丰。美国通过经济集聚与分散把具有全球控制功能的后工业产业集聚在了本土,把加工制造业和中低端产业转移至发展中国家,实现了对全球产业和资本的操控和影响。所以,美国也成为全球经济链条中的重要节点。

Under the influence of factors such as scientific and technological progress,economic development cycle and international competition,the phenomenon of deindustrialization has appeared in the United States,and the industrial structure and economic structure has also undergone great changes.By the early 21st century,the post-industrial economy of the United States had taken a dominant position in the national economy.Of course,the economic structural transformation of the United States is closely related to global economic integration.In addition,many industries in the United States are in the middle and high end of the global industrial chain.As a result,the United States has benefited greatly from economic globalization.Through economic agglomeration and decentralization,the United States has concentrated many post-industrial industries with global control functions in the local area,transferred a large number of processing manufacturing and low-end industries to developing countries,realized the influence or control of global industries and capital,and has become an important node in the global economic chain.