家庭环境对小儿手足口病传播的影响与有效干预

The Influence of Family Environment on the Transmission of Hand,Foot,and Mouth Disease in Children and Effective Interventio

目的 探讨家庭环境对小儿手足口病传播的影响与有效干预。方法 选择2022年7月至2023年9月在我县综合性医院接受治疗的94例手足口病患儿,并使用随机数字表法划分为两组,每组47例。对照组接受标准护理干预,而观察组则进行以家庭为核心的护理干预。比较两组在不同护理干预下的治疗依从性、家长对手足口病知识的知晓度、患儿的恢复情况、血液指标、并发症发生情况、续发病例情况。结果 观察组治疗依从性高于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组患儿家长对疾病知识知晓度高于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组发热消失时间、口腔溃疡消退时间、手足疱疹消退时间均短于对照组(P <0.05)。护理后,观察组白细胞、肌酸激酶、空腹血糖和神经元特异性烯醇酶均低于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组并发症发生率低于对照组(P <0.05)。观察组疾病续发率低于对照组(P <0.05)。结论 在手足口病的预防和控制过程中,通过以家庭为核心的护理干预,从健康教育和提升患儿家长对疾病知识的知晓度两个方面来推动患儿家长在患儿康复过程中发挥积极影响,继而提高患儿的依从性,加速患儿的康复过程,减少并发症的发生,减少手足口病的传播。

Objective Exploring the impact of the home environment on the transmission of pediatric hand,foot,and mouth disease and effective interventions.Methods A total of 94 children with hand,foot and mouth disease who were treated at our county general hospital from July 2022 to September 2023 were selected and divided into two groups of 47 cases each using the randomized numeric table method.The control group received standard nursing interventions,while the observation group underwent family-centered nursing interventions.The two groups were compared in terms of treatment adherence,family knowledge of HFMD,children's recovery,blood indices,and the occurrence of complications and recurrent cases under different nursing interventions.Results The treatment compliance of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Family members of children in the observation group were more knowledgeable about the disease than the control group(P<0.05).The time for fever to disappear,the time for oral ulcers to subside,and the time for herpes on hands and feet to subside were shorter in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).After care,the observation group's white blood cells,creatine kinase,fasting blood glucose and neuron-specific enolase were lower than the control group(P<0.05).The complication rate of the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The renewal rate of cases in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions In the process of prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease,through family-centered nursing interventions,we promote the positive influence of children's family members in the process of children's recovery by means of health education and enhancing their knowledge of the disease,which in turn improves compliance,accelerates the process of children's recovery,reduces the occurrence of complications,and minimizes the spread of HFMD.