基于数字孪生技术的航天器机构生产线平衡研究

Research on spacecraft mechanisms production line balance based on digital twin technology

随着航天强国建设进一步推进,航天器发射数量不断增加,作为航天器机构重要产品的形状记忆合金压紧释放装置需求量不断增长,亟需建立符合航天产品生产特点的数字化、智能化生产线。针对航天器形状记忆合金压紧释放装置生产特点,提出了航天器机构制造过程中产品数字孪生模型、设备数字孪生模型和制造过程数字孪生模型共3种数字孪生信息模型,设计了数字孪生生产线功能模块,提出了基于工业工程(IE)方法与遗传算法的生产线工艺平衡方法,研发了基于数字孪生的信息集成与应用原型系统,开发了数字孪生服务接口与人机界面,形成了自动化、数字化和智能化生产线,实现了航天器机构产品、设备、过程数字孪生的信息集成应用,实现了虚实生产线的同步运行与实时交互,并显著提升了航天器形状记忆合金压紧释放装置生产能力。

With the development of China’s aerospace,the increasing number of spacecrafts launches,and the rising demand for shape memory alloy hold-down and release mechanisms for spacecrafts,it is urgent to establish a digital and intelligent production line tailored to the production characteristics of spacecraft products.In this paper,according to the production characteristics of spacecraft shape memory alloy hold-down and release mechanisms,three digital twin models were proposed:the product digital twin model,equipment digital twin model and manufacturing process digital twin model in the manufacturing process of spacecraft mechanisms.The functional module of the digital twin workshop was designed,and a process balancing method of the production line based on industrial engineering(IE)and genetic algorithms was proposed.Furthermore,an information integration and application prototype system based on the digital twin was developed,along with the development of digital twin service interfaces and human-machine interfaces.An automated,digital,and intelligent production line has been established,achieving the information integration and application of digital twins of spacecraft mechanisms,equipment and processes.This has enabled synchronous operation and real-time interaction between virtual and real workshops,significantly boosting the production capacity of spacecraft shape memory alloy hold-down and release mechanisms.