食用盐中碘含量监测结果研究

Research on monitoring results of iodine content in edible salt

目的分析邹平市儿童和孕妇食用盐中的碘含量情况,为相关疾病提供参考。方法选择2018—2022年邹平市儿童尿碘检测样本1987份,孕妇尿碘检测样本1903份,儿童食用的盐碘检测样本1032份,以及孕妇食用的盐碘检测样本1428份作为研究对象展开分析,并统计相关的监测结果。结果2018—2022年儿童尿碘整体适宜量占比较高(29.59%),2022年儿童尿碘过量占比最高。2018—2022年孕妇整体尿碘不足占比最高,其中以2020年、2021年较为突出。2018—2022年儿童整体碘盐合格率为84.98%,碘盐覆盖率为89.05%。2022年碘盐覆盖率较低(82.35%)。2018—2022年孕妇整体碘盐合格率为85.26%,碘盐覆盖率为90.27%。2022年的孕妇碘盐覆盖率较低(86.42%)。各地区孕妇碘盐覆盖率均≥80%,整体水平较高。结论邹平各地区儿童和孕妇碘盐覆盖率占比高达80%以上,虽然儿童尿碘整体适宜量占比较高,但孕妇摄入量偏低,还需相关部门及时正确地指导、调整饮食中的碘摄入量,进而降低由于碘缺乏而引起的疾病发生率。

Objective To analyze the iodine content in edible salt for children and pregnant women in Zouping City,and to provide reference for related diseases.Methods 1987 children's urine iodine testing samples,1903 pregnant women's urine iodine testing samples,1032 salt iodine test samples consumed by children and 1428 salt iodine test samples consumed by pregnant women in Zouping City from 2018 to 2022 were selected as the study subjects,and the relevant monitoring results were collected.Results The overall appropriate amount of urinary iodine in children from 2018 to 2022 accounted for a high proportion(29.59%),and the proportion of excessive urinary iodine in children in 2022 was the highest.From 2018 to 2022,pregnant women had the highest proportion of overall urinary iodine defi-ciency,with 2020 and 2021 being the most prominent.From 2018 to 2022,the overall iodized salt qualification rate for children was 84.98%,and the iodized salt coverage rate was 89.05%.The coverage rate of iodized salt in 2022 was low(82.35%).From 2018 to 2022,the overall iodized salt qualification rate for pregnant women was 85.26%,and the iodized salt coverage rate was 90.27%.The iodized salt coverage rate for pregnant women in 2022 was low(86.42%).The coverage rate of iodized salt among pregnant women in all regions was≥80%,and the overall level was relatively high.Conclusion The coverage rate of iodized salt among children and pregnant women in various regions of Zouping is as high as 80%.Although the overall appropriate amount of urinary iodine in children accounts for a relatively high proportion,the intake of pregnant women is low.Relevant departments need to provide timely and correct guidance to adjust the iodine intake in the diet,thereby reducing the incidence of diseases caused by iodine deficiency.