厚脉络膜新生血管病变与中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变患者对侧眼脉络膜参数比较研究

A comparative study of choroidal parameters in contralateral eyes of patients with pachychoroid neovasculopathy and central serous chorioretinopathy

目的应用超广角扫频源光学相干断层扫描血管成像(UWF SS-OCTA)比较厚脉络膜新生血管病变(PNV)和中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)患者无症状对侧眼的脉络膜参数及形态学变化。方法前瞻性横断面观察研究,纳入2023年4月至2023年9月我院眼科23例CSC患者无症状对侧眼23眼和19例PNV患者无症状对侧眼19眼,以及年龄与性别匹配的22例健康人22眼作为研究对象,分别设为CSC对侧眼组、PNV对侧眼组及健康眼组。三组受试者年龄、男性比例及最佳矫正视力比较,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05),具有可比性。所有研究对象均行UWF SS-OCTA成像检查及比较,记录颞上、上方、鼻上、颞侧、中心凹、鼻侧、颞下、下方、鼻下共9个分区的脉络膜厚度(CT)、脉络膜中大血管层血管密度(血流像素面积与目标区域总面积的比值)、脉络膜血管指数(CVI)(脉络膜血管管腔体积与脉络膜血管及基质总体积的比值)。同时检查并比较各组患者黄斑中心凹下视网膜厚度、黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度(SFCT)及涡静脉不对称扩张及吻合情况。结果三组人员SFCT比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。三组受试者涡静脉不对称扩张或吻合眼数比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。CSC对侧眼组鼻上及鼻侧分区CVI均大于PNV对侧眼组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);CSC对侧眼组鼻上、颞侧、中心凹、下方、鼻下分区CVI及平均CVI均大于健康眼组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);PNV对侧眼组颞侧、中心凹及下方分区CVI均大于健康眼组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。CSC对侧眼组在颞上、上方、鼻上、中心凹、颞下、平均脉络膜中大血管层血管密度均小于健康眼组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);PNV对侧眼组各分区脉络膜中大血管层血管密度均小于健康眼组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.001)。CSC对侧眼组颞上及鼻上分区CT均大于PNV对侧眼组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);CSC对侧眼组颞上、上方、鼻上、颞侧、中心凹、下方及鼻下分区CT均大于健康眼组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05);PNV对侧眼组上方、颞侧、中心凹及下方分区CT均大于健康眼组,差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。结论本研究从对侧眼角度侧面提供了CSC和PNV可能不是同一疾病不同阶段的验证。CSC与PNV并非单眼疾病,而是单眼表现的双眼脉络膜疾病。

Objective To compare choroidal parameters and morphological changes in asymptomatic contralateral eyes of patients with pachychoroid neovasculopathy(PNV)and central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC)using ultra-widefield swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography(UWF SS-OCTA).Methods A prospective,cross-sectional,observational study was conducted,including 23 asymptomatic contralateral eyes of 23 CSC patients and 19 asymptomatic contralateral eyes of 19 PNV patients treated in our Ophthalmology Department from April 2023 to September 2023,as well as 22 eyes of 22 age-and sex-matched healthy individuals.These eyes were divided into the CSC contralateral eye group,PNV contralateral eye group,and healthy eye group,respectively.There was no statistically significant difference in age,male ratio,and best corrected visual acuity among the three groups(all P>0.05).All subjects underwent UWF SS-OCTA imaging examination and comparison,and their choroidal thickness(CT),vascular density(VD)in the major vascular layer of the choroid(ratio of blood flow pixel area to total area of the target area),and choroidal vascular index(CVI)(ratio of choroidal vascular lumen volume to total volume of choroidal vessels and stromata)in 9 zones(superior temporal,superior,superior nasal,temporal,foveal,nasal,inferior temporal,inferior,and inferior nasal)were measured and recorded,respectively.The macular subfoveal retinal thickness,subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT),and asymmetric dilation and anastomosis of the vortex veins were examined and compared in each group of patients.Results There was a statistically significant difference in macular SFCT among the three groups(all P<0.01).There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of asymmetric dilation or anastomosis of the vortex veins among the three groups(all P<0.001).The CVI in the superior nasal and nasal zones in the CSC contralateral eye group were higher than those in the PNV contralateral eye group(both P<0.05).The CVI and average CVI in the superior nasal,temporal,foveal,inferior,and inferior nasal zones in the CSC contralateral eye group were higher than those in the healthy eye group(all P<0.05).The CVI in the temporal,foveal,and inferior zones in the PNV contralateral eye group were higher than those in the healthy eye group(all P<0.05).The VD in the major vascular layer of the choroid in the superior temporal,superior,superior nasal,foveal,and inferior temporal zones in the CSC contralateral eye group were lower than those in the healthy eye group(all P<0.05).The VD in the major vascular layer of the choroid in the PNV contralateral eye group were lower than that in the healthy eye group in all zones(all P<0.001).The CT in the superior temporal and superior nasal zones in the CSC contralateral eye group were higher than those in the PNV contralateral eye group(both P<0.05).The CT in the superior temporal,superior,superior nasal,temporal,foveal,inferior,and inferior nasal zones in the CSC contralateral eye group were higher than those in the healthy eye group(all P<0.05).The CT in the superior,temporal,foveal,and inferior zones in the PNV contralateral eye group were higher than those in the healthy eye group(all P<0.05).Conclusion This study provides validation from the perspective of the fellow eye that CSC and PNV may not be different stages of the same disease.CSC and PNV are not unilateral diseases,but bilateral choroida diseases that manifest in one eye.