高度近视并发症眼底病变的研究进展

Research progress on high myopia-induced fundus lesions

高度近视患病率逐年升高,并导致多种眼部并发症的发生,其中病理性近视成为全球不可逆性致盲性眼病的一大病因。高度近视患者视网膜灌注减少,并发生不同程度的视野缺损。高度近视对眼底造成了不可逆性的损害,导致青光眼易感性增加及近视性黄斑病变等的发生发展。因此,深入了解高度近视眼底及并发症的特点对于减缓高度近视进展、遏制其并发症的发生具有重大临床意义。本文将从高度近视眼底灌注、视野缺损以及高度近视并发症等方面详细介绍高度近视的危害性,指导临床医师早发现、早诊断、早干预高度近视及其并发症,从而减少高度近视患病率及致盲率,提高广大人民群众的视觉和生活质量。

The prevalence of high myopia is increasing year by year and leads to a variety of ocular complications,of which pathological myopia has become a major cause of irreversible blindness worldwide.Patients with high myopia often suffer from reduced retinal perfusion and varying degrees of visual field defects.High myopia can cause irreversible damage to the fundus,leading to increased susceptibility to glaucoma and myopic maculopathy.Therefore,it is of great clinical significance to understand the characteristics of the fundus and complications of high myopia to slow the myopia progression and prevent complications.This article introduces the dangers of high myopia in details from the aspects of fundus perfusion,visual field defects and complications,aimed at guiding clinicians in early detection,diagnosis and intervention of high myopia and its complications to reduce the prevalence of high myopia and blindness and improve the vision and life quality of the general public.