免疫调节机制在免疫性血小板减少症中的研究进展

Research progress of immunomodulatory mechanisms in immune thrombocytopenia

免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)是一种罕见血液学疾病,属于获得性自身免疫性疾病。免疫紊乱是其最主要原因,其发病机制越来越受大家关注。目前研究显示自身抗血小板抗体的产生、Th1细胞/Th2细胞及Th17细胞/调节性T(Treg)细胞比例失衡、细胞毒性T淋巴细胞高增殖及低凋亡、调节性B淋巴细胞数量减少及功能障碍、细胞凋亡、遗传及细胞自噬等在ITP的发病机制中发挥关键作用,该文从以上6个方面综述了近年发现的参与ITP发病的各种复杂机制,以期更全面地了解影响ITP发生发展的因素,旨在为ITP的治疗提供新的思路和靶点。

Immune thrombocytopenia(ITP)is a rare hematological disease,belonging to acquired autoimmune disease.Immune disorders are the main cause,and its pathogenesis is getting more and more attention.Current studies have shown that the indicators including the production of autoantiplatelet antibodies,imbalance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Tregs,high proliferation and low apoptosis of cytotoxic T lymphocytes,reduced number and dysfunction of Bregs cells,apoptosis,heredity and autophagy play a key role in the pathogenesis of ITP.This paper reviews various complex mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of ITP that have been discovered in recent years from the above six aspects,with the aim of providing a more comprehensive understanding of the factors affecting the development of ITP and providing new ideas and targets for the treatment of ITP.