开环易位聚合制备液晶聚合物的研究进展

Progress on Preparation of Liquid Crystal Polymer viaRing-opening Metathesis Polymerization

液晶聚合物(LCP)兼具液晶的各向异性和聚合物良好的力学性能,在传感器、检测器和柔性执行器等领域具有广阔的应用前景。开环易位聚合(ROMP)具有活性聚合特征、反应条件温和与官能团耐受性高的特点,可以精确调控液晶聚合物的分子量和分子结构,是液晶聚合物研究中一种常用的合成方法。本文整理了近年来报道的由开环易位聚合制备液晶聚合物的研究,并从材料的构-效关系和功能开发两方面对这些研究进行了介绍。在构-效关系研究方面,分别介绍了液晶均聚物与液晶共聚物中的不同结构参数对材料性质的影响;在材料功能开发方面,介绍了液晶聚合物在光致形变、形状记忆效应、光子晶体和图案化薄膜等应用领域的研究成果。最后,展望了开环易位聚合制备液晶聚合物未来的发展方向。

Liquid crystal polymer(LCP)possesses the anisotropic properties of liquid crystals and the mechanical property of polymers,showing the good potential in the applications of sensors,detectors and soft actuators.Ring-opening metathesis polymerization(ROMP),with the characteristics of living polymerization,mild reaction conditions and high functional group tolerance,is a feasible way to adjust the molecular structures and the molecular weight of the liquid crystal polymers.Therefore,this method becomes a versatile method to prepare LCP.This review paper mainly introduces the recent works of LCP prepared by ROMP.First,the researches focusing on the relationships between molecular structures and the properties of LCP are introduced,including the influences of molecular structures on the properties of LC homopolymers and copolymers.Second,the functions and actuators of LCP in different applications are exhibited,including photodeformation,shape memory effect,photonic crystals and the pattered films.In the end,the prospect and future of LCP prepared via ROMP are forecasted.