微塑料膳食暴露对脂质代谢干扰的研究进展

Research Progress of Interference of Microplastic Dietary Exposure on Lipid Metabolism

微塑料可通过食物链进入人体,干扰脂质的正常代谢,对人体健康构成潜在风险。微塑料已在多种膳食中被检出,其可能是人体的肥胖原,并可在肝脏组织中累积。微塑料暴露可干扰脂质代谢,导致总胆固醇、三酰甘油代谢紊乱,使低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平降低;大多数脂肪代谢基因的信使RNA水平降低,脂肪合成基因的信使RNA水平升高;膜脂质过氧化反应及细胞膜成分发生改变。未来应进一步深入研究低浓度微塑料慢性暴露对脂质代谢的影响。

Microplastics can enter the human body through the food chain,interfere with the normal metabolism of lipids,and pose potential risks to human health.Microplastics have been detected in a variety of diets,which may be a human obesity factor and can accumulate in liver tissue.Exposure to microplastics can interfere with lipid metabolism,lead to metabolic disorders of total cholesterol and triglyceride,increase the level of low density lipoprotein cholesterol and reduce the level of high density lipoprotein cholesterol;the messenger RNA levels of most fat metabolism genes decrease,while the messenger RNA levels of fat synthesis genes increase;membrane lipid peroxidation and cell membrane components are changed.In the future,the effects of chronic exposure to low concentration microplastics on lipid metabolism should be further studied.