放疗联合免疫治疗在肿瘤治疗中的应用进展

Progress in the Application of Radiotherapy Combined with Immunotherapy in Tumor Treatment

免疫疗法从根本上改变了肿瘤的临床治疗模式,免疫疗法特别是免疫检查点抑制剂极大地改善了癌症治疗的效果。放疗具有免疫调节作用,可增加肿瘤相关抗原、促炎物质分泌细胞因子和趋化因子,以促进抗肿瘤免疫。免疫疗法可通过一系列的免疫活动消除肿瘤细胞,而免疫系统的应答状态在一定程度上决定了免疫疗法的效果。放疗和免疫疗法联合可作用于机体免疫系统,在某些情况下,放疗的协同作用能增强抗肿瘤杀伤反应,从而改善临床疗效。因此,阐明放疗与免疫系统之间的相互作用对于优化放疗与免疫治疗的协同效应具有重要意义。

Immunotherapy has fundamentally changed the clinical treatment mode of tumors.Immunotherapy,especially immune checkpoint inhibitors,has greatly improved the effect of cancer treatment.Radiotherapy has immunomodulatory effect,which can increase the secretion of cytokines and chemokines by tumor associated antigens and pro-inflammatory substances,so as to promote anti-tumor immunity.Immunotherapy can eliminate tumor cells through a series of immune activities,and the response state of the immune system determines the efficacy of immunotherapy to a certain extent.The combination of radiotherapy and immunotherapy can act on the body′s immune system.In some cases,the synergistic effect of radiotherapy can enhance the anti-tumor killing reaction,and improve the clinical curative effect.Therefore,it is of great significance to clarify the interaction between radiotherapy and immune system for optimizing the synergistic effect of radiotherapy and immunotherapy.