严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2感染后突发性耳聋发生机制研究进展

Progress in Research on Mechanisms of Sudden Deafness after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection

严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)引起的新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)传播迅速,影响范围广,除了肺部并发症外还包括突发性耳聋。然而,其病理机制尚不清楚。可能的机制包括:病毒直接侵入并损伤耳蜗神经或耳蜗组织;耳蜗微血管血栓形成并导致耳蜗血管阻塞;病毒引起细胞因子风暴,导致耳蜗炎症。研究SARS-CoV-2作为突发性感音神经性听力损失病因的作用,可能为疾病的早期诊断、制定治疗策略以最大限度地提高临床恢复和避免不良反应提供机会。

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)can spread rapidly with broad impacts,including sudden deafness in addition to pulmonary complications.However,the pathological mechanism remains unclear.Possible mechanisms may include:direct virus invasion and damage of the cochlear nerve or cochlea,cochlear microvascular thrombosis and vascular obstruction,and cytokine storms leading to cochlear inflammation.Understanding the role of SARS-CoV-2 as a cause of sudden deafness may provide opportunities for early diagnosis and development of treatment strategies to maximize clinical recovery while minimizing side effects.