耳硬化症的治疗进展

Current Management of Otosclerosis

耳硬化症是一种原发于骨迷路的骨质重建障碍,可导致各种类型的听力下降。目前的治疗方案包括药物治疗、常规助听器、镫骨成形术、植入式电子听觉系统及人工耳蜗等。对于听力无明显下降的早期耳硬化症或拒绝手术治疗的患者,可以考虑药物治疗或助听器;对于传导性听力下降为主的前庭窗型耳硬化症,镫骨手术常作为一线治疗方案;对于感音神经性或混合型听力下降的耳蜗型及混合型耳硬化症,可以根据听力损失的程度选择植入式电子听觉系统或人工耳蜗。在决定治疗方案时,要根据患者的病变部位、听力损失类型、程度、自身诉求、费用等方面综合考虑,做到个体化分型治疗。

Otosclerosis is a bone reconstruction disorder that originates in the bone labyrinth and can lead to various types of hearing loss.Current treatment options include medication,conventional hearing aids,stapes surgery,implantable electronic hearing systems and cochlear implants.For patients with early otosclerosis without significant hearing loss or those who refuse surgical treatment,medication or hearing aids may be considered.For vestibular window otosclerosis with predominantly conductive hearing loss,stapes surgery is often the first-line treatment option.For patients with sensorineural or mixed hearing loss in cochlear and mixed otosclerosis,implantable electronic hearing systems or cochlear implants may be considered depending on the degree of hearing loss.The best treatment option should be based on a combination of factors including lesion site,degree and type of hearing loss,personal wishes and cost.