弹性支承块式无砟轨道钢轨抗倾翻性能全参数化计算方法

Full parametric calculation method for anti-rail turnover performance of low vibration track

列车通过弹性支承块式无砟轨道时,扣件和弹性支承块的弹性叠加容易使钢轨倾翻角和轨头横移量显著增大,导致动态轨距扩大,进而影响列车运行的安全性和平稳性。综合考虑轮轨激励形式及其载荷作用关系(包括轮轨垂向力的准静态成分、动态成分及其作用位置、轮轨水平力及其作用位置以及钢轨廓形等)、扣件系统力学特性及其几何参数(包括扣件系统的垂向及横向刚度和阻尼以及外形尺寸等)、弹性支承块力学特性及其几何参数(包括弹性支承块的各向刚度、模量、泊松比以及外形尺寸等),建立准确的力学分析模型和几何关系模型,全面清晰地表征了弹性支承块式无砟轨道结构受力特点。基于力矩平衡计算原理,提出弹性支承块式无砟轨道钢轨抗倾翻性能全参数化计算方法,根据单节点实尺模型残余变形试验对理论计算结果进行修正,若考虑消除初始装配间隙影响,支承块间距扩大理论计算值增加0.04 mm加以修正,轨距扩大量应增加0.2 mm加以修正,通过对比分析计算结果、单节点实尺模型试验结果与传统实体有限元模型仿真结果,证明数据吻合度极高。分析与计算结果表明,本文提出的全参数计算方法与单节点实尺模型试验结果、实体有限元模型仿真结果吻合程度良好;利用本文所提出的弹性支承块式无砟轨道钢轨抗倾翻性能全参数化计算方法,可以高效准确地开展多参数敏感性分析;能够为不同运营条件下弹性支承块式无砟轨道结构及其部件优化提供设计依据,并奠定充分的理论基础。

The fastener and elastic support block may increase the rail overturn angle and the rail head lateral displacement,when the train passes through the elastic support block ballast-less track,which could affect the safety and stability of the train operation.In this paper,the wheel-rail interaction relationship(including wheel-rail vertical force and its action position,wheel-rail horizontal force and its action position,rail profile,etc.),the mechanical and geometric parameters of the fastening system,and the mechanical and geometric parameters of the elastic support block were considered comprehensively.The mechanical and geometric model were established accurately,which comprehensively and clearly represented the mechanical characteristics of the elastic support block ballast-less track structure.Based on the principle of moment calculation,a fully parametric calculation method for the anti-overturning performance of the elastic support block ballast-less track rail was constructed.Combined with the residual deformation experiment of the single-node full-scale model,the calculation results were in a good agreement with the single-node full-scale model experimental results and the solid finite element model simulation results.Based on the calculation principle of moment balance,a fully parametric calculation method was proposed for the anti-overturning performance of the elastic support block type ballast-less rail track.The theoretical calculation results were revised according to the residual deformation test of the single-node full-size model.The theoretical calculation value of the expansion of the support block spacing was increased by 0.04 mm to correct when the influence of the initial assembly gap was eliminated.The gauge extension should be increased by 0.2 mm to be corrected.By comparing and analyzing the calculation results,the test results of single-node full-size model and the simulation results of traditional solid finite element model,it is proved that the data agreed satisfactorily.The conclusion shows that the analysis of multi-parameter sensitivity can be carried out efficiently and accurately by using this method,which provides the design basis for the optimization of the structure and components of the elastically supported block ballast-less track under different operation conditions.