一种列车制动信号无线传输通讯系统设计

Design of a wireless transmission communication system for train braking signal

在铁路运输趋于高速和重载的背景下,重载列车传统空气制动系统仅能适用于单元式重载列车,并且后期维护相对不便,且在制动时会带来过大的车钩纵向力,影响行车安全,因此具有高带宽、低延迟、维护便捷等优点的无线制动系统应运而生。为了解决上述问题,立足于制动系统制动信号的无线传输,基于嵌入式技术设计了一套制动信号无线传输通讯系统。硬件方面,以STC8H8K64U作为主控芯片完成通讯系统的原理图设计,主要包括电源模块、CAN(Controller Area Network,控制器局域网)网络模块、GPRS(General Packet Radio Service,通用分组无线服务技术)模块、无线网络LoRa(Long Range Radio,远距离无线电)模块等,并且对硬件进行抗干扰处理。软件方面,完成STC8的外设驱动程序设计、LoRa无线网络模块的程序设计以及装置与系统之间通讯协议的自定义。基于以上设计,完成通讯系统的调试与测试工作,对无线网络模块LoRa的通讯距离进行测试,通过建立动力学模型和线路试验来对比使用传统空气制动方案制动与使用制动信号无线传输通讯系统制动方案下的制动波速以及车钩纵向力。测试和试验结果表明:系统各模块功能正常,能有效完成与车辆控制装置和远程控制平台之间的数据交互;有行人、树木、建筑等遮挡物时,无线网络模块LoRa的通讯距离为400 m;使用制动信号无线传输通讯系统在列车制动时可有效提升制动波速,减小车钩纵向力。研究结果可为重载列车的制动系统设计提供参考。

Under the background that railway transportation tends to be high-speed and heavy-haul,the traditional air braking system of heavy-haul train can only be applied to the unit type heavy-haul train,and the maintenance is relatively inconvenient in the later period.Braking brings too much coupler longitudinal force,affecting driving safety.Therefore,the wireless braking system with the advantages of high bandwidth,low delay,and convenient maintenance occurs.In order to solve the above problems,based on the wireless transmission of braking signals,a set of wireless transmission communication system of braking signals based on embedded technology was designed.In terms of hardware,STC8H8K64U was used as the main control chip to complete the schematic design of the communication system,mainly including power module,CAN(Controller Area Network)network module,GPRS(General Packet Radio Service)module,wireless network LoRa(Long Range Radio)module and so on.In addition,the hardware anti-interference processing was completed.In the aspect of software,the peripheral driver design of STC8 and the program design of LoRa wireless network module were completed.Moreover,the communication protocol between the device and the system was customized.Based on the above,the debugging and testing of the communication system were completed,and the communication distance of the wireless network module LoRa was tested.The dynamic model and line test were established to compare the braking wave velocity and coupler longitudinal force under the braking scheme of the traditional air braking scheme and the wireless communication system of the braking signal.The test and experiment results show that each module of the system functions normally and can effectively complete the data interaction with the vehicle control device and the remote control platform.When there are pedestrians,trees,buildings and other occluded objects,the communication distance of wireless network module LoRa is 400 m.The brake signal wireless transmission communication system can effectively increase the brake wave speed and reduce the coupler longitudinal force.The research results can provide reference for the braking system design of heavy-duty train.