培育数字素养的价值与路径:基于农村共同富裕的分析

The Value and Path of Cultivating Digital Literacy:An Analysis Based on Rural Common Prosperity

促进农村居民共享数字红利,以人的知识与技能现代化,缩小不同群体间收入差距,是推进共同富裕与中国式现代化发展的重要内容。在三维资本的理论框架下,分析公众数字素养作用于农村收入分配的机制,并基于CFPS2014、CFPS2016、CFPS2018、CFPS2020年四期调查数据进行了实证检验,得出:①培育数字素养能显著缩小农村收入差距、促进农村共同富裕。②个体经济、文化与社会资本是数字素养作用于农村家庭收入差距的重要渠道,而以上三个渠道畅通的关键在于数字素养的要素收入与劳动技能提升效应以及社会网络和信任关系增强效应。③致富动力、数字习得意识以及素养培育外围环境均会作用于数字素养的价值层,进而约束数字技能与知识水平,从而在促进共同富裕方面表现出异质性效应:当家庭抚养负担重或依赖农业生产时,致富动力较强,培育数字素养对优化收入分配格局的价值更大,从而有利于促进农村共同富裕;增强个体数字习得意识能有效提升个体数字技能,进而增强培育数字素养在促进共同富裕方面的正向价值;优化治理能力体现的软环境与数据技术发展的硬环境,能进一步激发数字素养培育的共同富裕促进效应。以上结论显现了培育数字素养的价值,从人的知识与技能现代化发展视角,探索了缩小收入差距的可行方案,既回应了自由主义与凯恩斯主义实现“库茨涅兹拐点”的争论,又呼应了中国式现代化与共同富裕的战略要求。

How to urge rural residents to share the digital dividend,modernize people's knowledge and skills,and narrow the income gap between different groups is an important content of promoting common prosperity and the Chinese-style modernization development.Under the theoretical framework of three-dimensional cap-ital,this paper analyzes the mechanism of the effect of public digital literacy on rural income distribution,and conducts an empirical test based on the multi-period survey data of CFPS2014,2016,2018 and 2020.It con-cludes that:Cultivating digital literacy can significantly narrow the rural income gap and promote the com-mon prosperity of the rural areas.Individual economy,cultural and social capital are important channels for digital literacy to affect rural household income gap,and the key to the smooth flow of the above three channels lies in the effect of factor income and labor skills enhancement of digital literacy,as well as the effect of social network and trust relationship enhancement.③Themotivation to get rich,theawarenessof digital acquisi-tion,and the external environment of literacy cultivation will all act on the value layer of digital literacy,and then constrain the level of digital skills and knowledge,thus showing a heterogeneous effect in promoting com-mon prosperity:When the family support burden is heavy or it depends on agricultural production,the motiva-tion to get rich is stronger,and the value of cultivating digital literacy is greater to optimize the income distri-bution pattern,which is conducive to promoting the common prosperity of rural areas.Enhancing individual digital acquisition awareness can effectively improve individual digital skills,and then enhance the positive value of cultivating digital literacy in promoting common prosperity.The soft environment embodied in the op-timization governance ability and the hard environment of data technology development can further stimulate common prosperity,thus promoting the effect of digital literacy cultivation.The above conclusions show the value of cultivating digital literacy,and explore feasible solutions to narrow the income gap from the perspec-tive of the modernization of human knowledge and skills,which not only responds to the debate between liber-alism and Keynesianism to achieve the"Kuznets turning point",but also echoes the strategic requirements of Chinese-style modernization and common prosperity.