闽台“送王船”仪式中民间航海知识的传承

Inheritance of Folk Navigation Knowledge in Wangchuan Ceremony in Fujian and Taiwan region

闽台地区的“送王船”仪式蕴含着濒海社群海上生产与生活的智慧,是一种能够整合沿海社区人群、凝聚社区认同的重要海洋民俗活动,承载了人类由陆地走向海洋的历史,突出表现为它所包纳的民间航海知识体系。具体而言,闽台“送王船”仪式中的民间航海知识,体现在造船仪式、海上航路以及航运制度三个方面,分别显示了沿海民众在航海活动过程中所积累的海洋技术知识、海洋自然知识和海洋人文知识,并通过独特宗教仪式的构建和演绎得以保留并传承,反映的是沿海民众开拓海洋的历史记忆和智慧,丰富了中国海洋文明的内涵,是中国海洋文明史的重要组成部分。

Wangchuan Ceremony in Fujian and Taiwan region embodies the wisdom of the coastal communities in their maritime life and production.It is an important maritime ritual that integrates people in coastal communities with sustained community identity.It bears man’s ocean-going history and is highlighted by the system of folk navigation knowledge included in it.Specifically,Wangchuan Ceremony in Fujian and Taiwan region consists of the shipbuilding rituals,the maritime route and the shipping system,which respectively show the use of technical,natural and humanistic knowledge concerning the sea,accumulated by the coastal people in the course of navigation activities,and preserved and inherited through the construction and interpretation of unique religious rituals.The rituals and traditions bear witness to the history and wisdom of coastal people in their exploration of the sea,enrich the connotation of China’s maritime civilization and constitutes an important part of China’s maritime civilization.