道德作为审美如何可能?

How Can Ethics be Perceiveded as Aesthetics?

将康德“实践理性”与中国文化“实用理性”精神进行简略比较,我们会得出中西不同文化意义的“道德作为审美”都是“可能”的这一初步结论。二者具有相异的文化背景与哲学机制。对于西方文化而言,“道德作为审美”之所以“可能”,是因为人格道德的至善与美,决定于“纯粹理性”即“上帝”的“在场”;就中国文化来说,是因为经过先秦“史”文化的“祛魅”即“理性化”过程,以“良知”即内在觉悟作为心灵根因的缘故,是心体与性体的合一于道。“道德作为审美”的可能实现,取决于“幸福”与“崇高”同时两栖于道德与审美的缘故。

A brief comparison between Kant’s concept of“practical reason”and the notion of“pragmatic reason”in Chinese culture suggests that it is indeed feasible to perceive ethics through the lens of aesthetics in both Chinese and Western cultural contexts.However,the underlying cultural backgrounds and philosophical mechanisms differ.In Western culture,the possibility of perceicing ethics as aesthetics stems from the notion that the perfection and beauty of integrity and moral virtue rely on“pure reason,”specifically the“presence”of“God.”Conversely,in Chinese culture,this possibility arises from the rationalization or disenchantment of pre-Qin cultural notions of“history,”where“conscience”or inner consciousness serves as the spiritual foundation,representing the unity of mind and body within Dao(the Way of Nature).The potential for“perceicing ethics as aesthetics”is rooted in the coexistence of“happiness”and“sublimity”within ethics and aesthetics.